tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12755896792788147422024-03-13T23:09:14.148-07:00Cheap essay writing serviceJanehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.comBlogger1780125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-14435249342595677842020-08-24T20:36:00.001-07:002020-08-24T20:36:04.031-07:00A.D. Hope Australia essaysA.D. Expectation Australia expositions Alec Derwent was one of Australias most noteworthy writers, who contacted the lives of numerous all through the world. Inside the 7 refrains of Australia, A.D trust gives us a negative uneven way to deal with the sonnet. His verse investigates the otherworldly destitution of our territory. He implies that it takes such a great amount to endure which has kept Australians from reflecting upon their excursion through life. A.D trust is looking down on Australia and our lifestyle. The grave pictures of a country of trees, dull green and ruined dim demonstrate that Australia is a tedious and horrid spot. Every refrain comprises of four lines with the rhyme conspire being ABBA. Little enjambment exists in the sonnet; the greater part of the refrains remain solitary as paragraphed. ..boring green and forsaken dim Her streams of water down among inland sands Floods her tedious clans from Cairns to Perth. A.D Hope utilizes symbolism as a way to pass on significance to the sonnet. The dull hues depict the staleness of the scene. Tedious clans allude to the way that there is no independence all through Australia everybody appears to be identical. The similar sounding word usage serves to by and by pass on a picture boring green and barren dark. She is the remainder of terrains, the emptiest.. A. D Hope utilizes this representation to give the solid reality that Australia has human characteristics a theoretical thought. The tone is deriding Australian culture, our history, our territory and they way we carry on with our life. A.D Hope gives Australia human characteristics he alludes to the land as a ladies they call her a youthful nation. Australia is Hope's analysis of general Australian culture and the nation itself. a ladies past her adjustment throughout everyday life, a bosom still delicate however inside the belly is dry Alludes to the way that Australia is unfilled the failure to endure youngsters, being fruitless a difference in lif... <! Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-77863153602674592562020-08-22T02:08:00.001-07:002020-08-22T02:08:29.416-07:00Internationalisation and the European Nation State EssayQuestion 1 It is irrefutable that the condition of world issues has drastically advanced since the finish of the Second World War. All the more explicitly, the flood of advancement in IT has been the main explanation that our reality has become less a mosaic of country states and progressively a mixture of social orders, societies, and affiliations whereby country states are unavoidably bound to trans-national wonders. As Cox notes, ââ¬Å"globalization [generates] an increasingly mind boggling staggered world political framework, which verifiably challenges the old Westphalian presumption that ââ¬Ëa state is a state is a state'â⬠(Cox, in Pierson, p.181). This work will bolster this thought of globalization by featuring two issues from Pierson, specifically diminished rebellion in the worldwide political field, and the impact of the worldwide economy on country states. These issues will be characterized and afterward examined corresponding to Lindensj㠯⠿⠽ââ¬â¢s originations of Realist majority rules system and Communitarian popular government separately. Diminished political agitation alludes to the minimization of the self-rule of country states in the global request. The developing association between countries over the globe has brought about a redirection of particular national interests towards the circle of worldwide as opposed to residential (Pierson 174). What this implies for pragmatist vote based system is a slanted direction of political up-and-comers; they become not, at this point committed to local issues however those of a global nature. The issue with this lies in the way that the achievement of the Realist vote based idea (in Lindensj㠯⠿⠽ââ¬â¢s see) is needy upon the opposition of political pioneers to win endorsement (by means of votes) from the residents. There is an issue if government officials win a seat in office with a stage professing to be ââ¬Ëfor the people,ââ¬â¢ and afterward divert their inclinations after political race to the worldwide circle. The government assistance of the residents is left uninvolved instead of outer issues, and the products of Realist majority rules system are not delighted in by the individuals who decided in favor of it, consequently the authenticity of the popularity based procedure decreases. This is particularly a threat in pragmatist popular government since portrayal by political entertainers replaces dynamic cooperation by the residents; ââ¬Å"[Realist democracy] hence doesn't involve, can't involve, administration by the individuals from a genuine perspective. It can just involve the individuals having the likelihood to acknowledge or dismiss fakers, for example choose those that governâ⬠(Lindensj㠯⠿â ½ 3). These chosen agents, are thus exposed to a political system where, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦international organizations, shows and systems moderate the degree to which between state relations can be imagined as truly and ââ¬Ëactivelyââ¬â¢ anarchicâ⬠(Pierson 175). Consequently, the legitimacy of Realist majority rules system is undermined seeing just as insurgency is its foundation. Correspondingly, Communitarian majority rule government is likewise confined by the general idea of the worldwide request. Lindensj㠯⠿⠽ââ¬â¢s origination of Communitarian vote based system expects countries to have the option to seek after interests in an aggregate way, with its residents as an inherent piece of the majority rule government (Lindensj㠯⠿â ½ 11). There is an extraordinary accentuation put on bargain â⬠a kind of compromise to understand the limit of individual standards in an aggregate way. This kind of charming attitude toward framing an equitable network would be hard to rehearse even in the little, durable networks of Ancient Greece. The diminished disorder of the universal request today amplifies the trouble of acclimatizing various individuals, gatherings, and thoughts under an aggregate standard. To envision what Lindensj㠯⠿â ½ alludes to as a ââ¬Ëhomelike communityââ¬â¢ appears to be a far stretch seeing that an undeniably reliant world merges such a sheer mass of various individuals, viewpoints, and conventions. The size of interdependency in todayââ¬â¢s world assuredly supports the ââ¬Ëhomelikeââ¬â¢ values essential for successful Communitarian majority rules system particularly where individualsââ¬â¢ interests are drawn outside the residential circle. Maybe the most powerful factor neutralizing the Westphalian idea of worldwide governmental issues is the idea of present day worldwide markets. Today, household economies can't get away from the powers of the universal economy (Pierson 171). As Cox notes, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦economic globalization has put requirements upon the independence of states and, progressively, states must turn into the instruments for altering national monetary exercises to the exigencies of the worldwide economyâ⬠(Cox, in Pierson 179). This portion makes an immediate reference to a reducing of state independence because of worldwide economies. Therefore, obviously Realist vote based system is tested by the worldââ¬â¢s economy and market powers that bargain independence. The financial ramifications of globalization reflect those related with diminished insurgency; for instance, if monetary changes are made to follow the universal framework, this outcomes in states concentrating on worldwide monetary approaches over local ones. The regular workers will unquestionably miss out to the individuals who hold political positions â⬠the elites, who will shape financial changes around the worldwide request and, as a general rule, their own advantages. For Communitarian majority rule governments, worldwide financial aspects obstructs the chance of making strong and aggregate networks. With financial concerns exposed to the impacts of worldwide markets, Communitarian majority rules systems can't set there own monetary plan. Also, the Communitarian perfect of defining an aggregate objective with regards to what the ââ¬Ëgood lifeââ¬â¢ ought to be is almost unimaginable since the global financial request invades local issues. As Pierson notes, ââ¬Å"In practice, state associations have various purposes of collaboration with both household and trans-national on-screen characters and these connections are a long way from uncovering a solitary and bound together willâ⬠(Pierson 185). By forcing an effect on states, worldwide market powers battle the Communitarian perfect of framing an aggregate vision of the ââ¬Ëgood life.ââ¬â¢ Part 8 of Holden, entitled The United Nations as an office of worldwide majority rules system (Falk) and Chapter 10, Global common society and the equitable possibility (Archibugi, Balduini, Donati) both spotlight on fortifying and expanding the impact of common society to battle (what Falk alludes to as) globalization-from-above. The Archibugi, Balduini, and Donati content spotlights on the Agenda proposed by Boutros-Ghali, which thus puts a huge spotlight on the democratization of the global network as the way to better universal relations. The Realist origination of majority rules system would grasp this kind of progress. With a framework that gives ââ¬Å"a pertinent portrayal of societyâ⬠and de-hoards intergovernmental relations as the sole methods for global relations, the populace of the world will understand an additional opportunity to voice worries on a worldwide level (Archibugi et al, in Holden 137). For individuals in Realist vote based systems this implies political inclusion that was once just a simple ââ¬Ëhanding-over of powerââ¬â¢ to an agent is currently a real voice to be heard past the bounds of the state. A significant component of Ghaliââ¬â¢s vision was the making of UN Regional Organizations that would take into account common society and focus on common interests. Falkââ¬â¢s idea of more grounded social activism (globalization-from-beneath) to battle worldwide market powers (globalization-from-above) would help the Communitarian objective of rectifying the developing unevenness among private and open products (Falk, in Holden 163,173). Communitarians would bolster the adjusting parts of this course of action since it would contribute better to the way of thinking of permitting a network to frame its goals without outer impacts. For Falk, the renewal of states to locate a superior parity, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦between the rationale of capital and needs of its peoplesâ⬠is principal in the push to advance progressively compelling majority rules system. In both the Communitarian and Realist sees, a change of the global political request as such would be a positive development. Book index Goldmann, Kjell, 2001. Changing the European Nation-State. London: Sage Distributions. Holden, Barry (ed.), 2000. Worldwide Democracy. London: Routledge. Pierson, Christopher, 1996. The Modern State. London: Routledge. Stevenson, Nick, 1999. The Transformation of the Media: Globalization, Morality, and Morals. Harlow, Essex: Pearson Education Limited. Swedish Government, 2002. The Swedish Governmentââ¬â¢s EU Policy Goals for 2002. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-54094376902965782182020-07-24T05:54:00.001-07:002020-07-24T05:54:02.140-07:00The Role Of Women In Mafia Organisations ExampleThe Role Of Women In Mafia Organisations Example The Role Of Women In Mafia Organisations â" Essay Example > The Roles of Women in Organized CrimesIntroduction With consideration and trajectory in the role of women in the society, there is the existence of the supplemental impact on the manner in which women dealt with gender-related issues which are considered the masculine living structure. Purposely, the role of women within the organized crime units like mafia and mob organization major stressed on the subservient role played by women and their correlated exclusion from the world of power, violence, and influence. Customarily and stereotypically, women in the mafia with the inclusion of both daughters and wives, they are viewed as meek, sheltered, and invisible from true workings with their male counterparts (Fiandaca, 2007, 88). Most women with roots in these criminal organizations manage to find some of command and visibility. Upon underestimation and dismissal of the history, the perception on the role of women in mafia institutions changed and reconstructed beyond the stereotype that has always hidden the importance. Ultimately, it is easy to filter down the role played by women in the mafia into various segments of interactions and reactions. The daughters and wives of the male mafia members are usually exposed irrespective of their veil to criminal activities of their parents. In most cases, the veiled exposure often creates an allure and fascination with the life of mafia perpetuating into the actions of women within the groups. For the daughters of many mafias, being women makes them ineligible of becoming part of the parents' organizations (La-Spina, 2013, 123). Ironically, several daughters are inheriting similar disposition as their parents, which makes them ideal candidates of working with the mafia, if not for their sex. Understanding Female Criminality in Socio-Cultural SpaceWomen hold different positions in the transnational organized crime networks. In several researches, criminal networks might be limited to assume that the transnational crim inal activities are the affairs of men or the roles of the victims is left predominantly for the women to fulfil. Women global tend to appear to involve in different transnational organized crimes differing at various levels. Moreover, women take on the roles including being supporters, partners in related criminal activities, and main organizers of the mafia activities (Fisher Silber, 2003, 214). Since the late 1990s, there have been involvements of women in serious economic crimes, which have become more evident. Nonetheless, such revelation does not mean that women were involved in serious criminal activities in the past, or there has been clear evolution because of the emancipation of similarly related issues. It is important to consider always various biases involved while studying female criminality. In most countries, the involvement of women in mafia-related crimes might have been interpreted based on the cultural stereotypes, which view women as victims and works to the a dvantage of similar criminal organizations (Lyman Potter, 2015, 65). In the recent years, the involvement of women in the transnational organized crimes has expanded in different countries majorly due to the rising rates of mobility and additional economic and social opportunities associated with the trade. Therefore, one could argue rightly that some women are not passive subordinates that most researches undertaken in the past considered them to be. In fact, such women are the sole or the co-executive leaders with the shared power of mafia networks, and the knowledge of criminal activities they posses, and criticality in their functions is bringing clarity gradually to the blind spot with criminological research. Besides the cultural leadership in different countries, it needs to note that not every woman tends to take voluntary the opportunities associated with criminal activities (Hübschle, 2013, 42). The roles of women are changing and are becoming important in the modern m afia organizations. Initially, women were respected since they were mothers, daughters, or wives of the Mafia leaders; however, the perception changed, and they earned more respect for their rule within the criminal organizations. Women who are not strictly the members of the mafia organization tend to express different levels of complicity; nonetheless, provision of cheap and easily available criminal workforce. Moreover, it is important to note that the role of women does not change much from the roles played by their males counterparts normally linked to the organization (Lisa, 2016). The illicit activities of the mafias are usually unemployed and living in the most deprived localities. The involvement of groups in several occasions is perceived as the only solution considering that they frequently have numerous children to sustain on their considering the fact that their husbands are usually dead, unemployed, or serving life sentences. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-65443801547881020582020-05-22T05:55:00.001-07:002020-05-22T05:55:04.626-07:00The Public Understanding of Science and the... In our society science has always been prominent in our development and existence in one way or the other. We are surrounded by things we do not fully except, and sometimes not fully understand, and because of this in our current times a separation grows between the scientifically learned and the uneducated in science. In this essay I will discuss the overlapping effect and influence of the public understanding of science in the advancing world; As well as its prominent issues of the psychological outcomes in confrontational incidents involving opposing views in scientific relations. To help describe this complicated view of science I will be referring to the article written by Brian Wynne the Misunderstood misunderstandings: socialâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦As well as the understanding of science one must observe the issue of trust. The relationship between the scientists and general public and in the articles cases the scientists and farmers, we will observe is uprooted and eve ntually leads to the breakdown of the presence of the dominant model in the scenario; providing an isolated and intriguing look at a breach in the standard view; And the result of it. Brian Wynneââ¬â¢s article covers closely the public interactions of science through the observation of the hill sheep farmers in England situated in the northern Lake District of Cumbria. It covers their dealings with the Chernobyl nuclear incident in 1986, and the effects of the fallout caused by the radioactive cloud that drifted over the rural area. The fallout deposited radioactive Caesium isotopes through the rain into the ground, in turn radiating the large sheep population situated in the northern farms of Cumbria, and outlying areas. The farmers quickly observed disconcerting changes in their flocks, and suspected the radiation from the Chernobyl explosion to be the culprit, and as a result asked for assistance from the scientific community. This however was quickly dismissed initially by the Scientists as being an easily solved situation, and yet after six weeks in June a ban was implemented. This ban prevented the transportation of live or slaughteredShow MoreRelatedThe Kitchen : A Scientist s View Of Genetically Modified Foods1063 Words à |à 5 Pagesand Nancy Marie Brownââ¬â¢s Mendel in the Kitchen: A Scientistââ¬â¢s View of Genetically Modified Foods is a rich narrative describing the history, technology, and science of genetically modified foods and their implications for society today. Along the way, Fedoroff and co-author Brown use illustrative examples to dispel myths and misunderstandings about genetically modified foods. Even those initially unfamiliar with genetically modified foods will leave with a broad yet solid grasp of these complex biologicalRead MoreNatural science, as the TOK definition, was the sciences that prove the basic rules and the laws of800 Words à |à 4 PagesNatural science, as the TOK definition, was the sciences that prove the basic rules and the laws of the nature. Itââ¬â¢s based on the measurement and processions of the quantitative data in the real world. Humans invented some models of natural processes that research both human behaviour and social patterns as well. As two Interdependences subjects in AOK, the human science aim to interpret the experiences, activities, living, and artefacts which were associated with human beings. 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I persevered in the study of sciences, volunteering in clinical settings, and had research and internship experiences that have strengthened my holistic approach to the field of medicine. I believe that a doctor serves as a liaison between the patient and a confusing sphere of medical knowledge. Two experiences have strengthened my understanding of a cross-cultural medicine. One was when I participated in a Global Medical Brigade to HondurasRead MoreAgenda Setting Theory Of The United States Government And Its 300 Million Inhabitants Essay1742 Words à |à 7 Pagesforces dictating the perceived importance (salience) of specific issues, occurrences, or values by individuals (McCombs Shaw, 1972, p. 177; Shaw, McCombs, Weaver, and Hamm, 1999, pp. 2-4). Agenda Setting Theory describes how the mass media affect the public salience of issues, especially those of political importance, through the prominence and style of reporting on those issues (McCombs Shaw, 1972, p. 177; Shaw et al., 1999, p. 14).à The degree to which a person is vulnerable to the agenda-settingRead MoreEssay about Health Care Communication1509 Words à |à 7 Pagesto prevent illness and maintain health. Health care communication can occur in any health care environment like a hospital, nursing home, doctorââ¬â¢s office, or clinic. Health care communication can also occur in public settings such as conferences, speeches, national health campaigns, and public addresses on health care topics (Northouse amp; Northouse, 1998). Personal Health Care Communication Effective personal health care communication is a vital component for the development of successful professional-clientRead MoreWhat Is Good Medicine?1271 Words à |à 6 Pagesdisease was represented by the devils and skulls while the one against malaria was the remedy drug. Figure 1, An advertisement for a quack malaria remedy1 This poster was produced in 1880s and used by the drug company in order to sell their product to public. Therefore their drug was presented as a strong fighter who beats the malaria devils. To further convince their customers, drug company used the doctorsââ¬â¢ names such as ââ¬Å"Mason and Pollardâ⬠and it was claimed efficient for ââ¬Å"fever and ague, and all biliousRead MoreThe Current State Of Climate Awareness And Literacy1511 Words à |à 7 Pages with such easy access to such data, there is still a lack of climate literacy and a mixed trust of climate scientists. The roots of this misunderstanding stem from what Dunlap (2013) calls an ââ¬Å"organized disinformation machineâ⬠that has misappropriated scientific uncertainty as general uncertainty, playing off of the inherent complexities of the science and making it seem so complex that not even scientists can agree on whats going on. Backed up by special interests, like fossil fuel companies Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-29613722648195242302020-05-07T10:55:00.001-07:002020-05-07T10:55:03.537-07:00Legalization Of Medical And Recreational Use Of Marijuana The legalization of marijuana has been a very controversial topic that has everyone asking each other, is it really worth it? For many, the thought of legalizing a drug, which the government has classified as a Schedule 1 drug is, mind boggling to them. I am going to prove that the pros about the legalization of medical and recreational use of marijuana are greatly outweighing the cons. I will show with statistical evidence that legalization is beneficial in many ways such as generating higher state revenues, decreased crime rates, decreased imprisonment rates for petty drug crimes, breakthroughs in the medical field and that in general, banning marijuana is preventing our economy from its potential growth. A Thriving Economy Although the phenomenon of marijuana legalization is fairly new to this generation (excluding the sixties) the evidence speaks for itself. Iââ¬â¢m first going to discuss Colorado, which was the first state to legalize recreational marijuana and also among the first few states to legalize medical marijuana as well. When Colorado voted to pass Amendment 64 in 2012, which was the right to regulate marijuana like alcohol, voters seemed to be almost split right down the middle but with the people in favor of legalize just about 10 percent ahead. Obviously the process was a little lengthy due to regulations and licensing, so about two years after the bill was passed, the first retail stores for marijuana opened on January 1, 2014 to ring in the New Year. AShow MoreRelatedThe Legalization Of Recreational And Medical Use Of Marijuana1237 Words à |à 5 PagesThe legalization of recreational and medical use of marijuana is still a controversial social issue faced by the United States. Although marijuana was seen as a dangerous drug back in the 1900ââ¬â¢s, research has revealed the truth about marijuana, making the drug less frightening towards Americans. Now in the year 2015, marijuana is generally more accepted by Americans and many more see marijuana in a positive manner. Although marijuana does have some negative side effects, the side effects are notRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1223 Words à |à 5 Pagesthat the marijuana industry has had on the economies of the states which have legalized recreational marijuana use for consumers over the age of 21. Many predictions were made referring to the outcome of marijuana legalization, however, most predictions made did not foretell the actual outcome. The act of legalization in the state of Colorado has yielded many advantages in the field of marketing. With these advantages, however, come many disadvantages. This study will identify how marijuana legalizationRead MoreShould Mariju ana Be Legalized?972 Words à |à 4 PagesMarijuana Legalization For thousands of years, marijuana has been used for a myriad of purposes ranging from medical use to recreational use. Although small steps are being for marijuana legalization across the country, there is still a long way to go. Some folks argue that marijuana is a gateway drug and impairs judgement, causing people to act recklessly. However, extensive studies have been conducted on the effects, risks, and benefits of marijuana, and have proven marijuana to be safer thanRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1565 Words à |à 7 PagesMarijuana Legalization From mandatory crop to illegal drug, cannabis has gone from revered to criminal in the course of United States history. Its fall from grace has been an education in mass hysteria, propaganda, market manipulation and greed. Fortunately, for those suffering debilitating medical conditions and those that wish to enjoy its euphoric effects alike, it appears that the pendulum is swinging in the opposite direction. The close of the 2015 legislative session revealed a potentialRead MoreEssay Astonishing Statistics of Marijuana Use in Minors1539 Words à |à 7 Pagesmillion Americans ages 12 and over have reported to using marijuana at least once within the previous year. That number alone is an astonishing statistic on marijuana users. Although marijuana has been a drug with increasing popularity especially throughout the past couple of years due to the legalization in some states. In November of 2012 history was made when Washington and Colorado both legalized marijuana for recreational use. Although marijuana is considered to be a Schedule 1 drug, which means itRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana And Marijuana Essay1314 Words à |à 6 PagesMarijuana or Cannabis is one of the bused drugs in America and the rest of the world. Interesting accumulating evidence show that the significant negative impact of this drug outweighs the positive effects. However, the medical benefits of the drug seem on the process of chemical compounds as compared to the drug itself. Medical debates show that chemical compound in marijuana are the problem as compared to the plant. The said chemical compound affects the mental and physical health of the personsRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1372 Words à |à 6 PagesLegalization of Weed Growing up, everyone is told that, ââ¬Å"Drugs are bad for you,â⬠time and time again. Now as a kid you donââ¬â¢t really understand the reasoning behind it, but you listen to your authority figure regardless. I remember being told this my entire life and even to this very day. But as I got older I realized that people would still use drugs even though itââ¬â¢s illegal. I could never understand why someone would go against the law and jeopardize their life just to use drugs? The drug thatRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1456 Words à |à 6 PagesPossession and use of marijuana is illegal in over half of the United States, but it is still the third most popular recreational drug in the United States. The debate for this drug to be legal has been going on for many years; some states have legalized the drug for medical use, and some for recreational use as well. Other states seem to disagree; they are not in favor of making the drug legal for medical use or recrea tional use. It has been proven that marijuana has a positive impact on societyRead MoreThe Importance of Legalizing Marijuana701 Words à |à 3 Pagesleave the ones who smoke marijuana. When was it decided that smoking tobacco is okay when composed of multiple chemicals and the plant, but something that is mostly grown naturally is bad. Controversy over whether marijuana should be legalized has been a hot topic issue since decades ago but not many want to deal with it since many see it as a too taboo of a topic. It is arguable that both are bad but why not legalize it in an aspect of growing and prosperity,as in the medical field, also regardingRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Legalization Of Marijuana901 Words à |à 4 PagesThe legalization of Marijuana is a topic that has been discussed for many years. It has had many support as well as opposition. This topic has caused a lot of controversy over the years. In todayââ¬â¢s society the amount of marijuana or cannabis that is be ing consumed is, for the most part, consumed by teens and adults. Although marijuana is an illegal drug, that does not stop people from getting a hold of it. The use of marijuana can be for many reasons such as, socializing, obtaining a high, escaping Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-11765434403109238972020-05-06T09:24:00.001-07:002020-05-06T09:24:35.370-07:00Decline of Education and the Rise of Mediocrity Free Essays string(99) " professional manner to our good tudents, speaking more clearly and with a stronger tone of voice\." According to ââ¬Å"A Nation at Riskâ⬠, the American education system has declined due to a ââ¬Å"rising tide of mediocrityâ⬠in our schools. States such as New York have responded to the findings and recommendations of the report by implementing such strategies as the ââ¬Å"Regents Action Planâ⬠and the ââ¬Å"New Compact for Learningâ⬠. In the early 1980â⬠³s, President Regan ordered a national commission to study our education system. We will write a custom essay sample on Decline of Education and the Rise of Mediocrity or any similar topic only for you Order Now The findings of this commission were that, compared with other industrialized nations, our education system is grossly inadequate in meeting the standards of education that many other countries have developed. At one time, America was the world leader in technology, service, and industry, but overconfidence based on a historical belief in our superiority has caused our nation to fall behind the rapidly growing competitive market in the world with regard to education. The report in some respects is an unfair comparison of our education system, which does not have a national standard for goals, curriculum, or regulations, with other countries that do, but the findings nevertheless reflect the need for change. Our education system at this time is regulated by states which implement their own curriculum, set their own goals nd have their own requirements for teacher preparation. Combined with this is the fact that we have lowered our expectations in these areas, thus we are not providing an equal or quality education to all students across the country. The commission findings generated recommendations to improve the content of education and raise the standards of student achievement, particularly in testing, increase the time spent on education and provide incentives to encourage more individuals to enter the field of education as well as improving N. Y. State responded to these recommendations by first mplementing the Regents Action Plan; an eight year plan designed to raise the standards of education. This plan changed the requirements for graduation by raising the number of credits needed for graduation, raising the number of required core curriculum classes such as social studies, and introduced technology and computer science. The plan also introduced the Regents Minimum Competency Tests, which requires a student to pass tests in five major categories; math, science, reading, writing, and two areas of social studies. Although the plan achieved many of its goals in raising standards of education in N. Y. State, the general consensus is that we need to continue to improve our education system rather than being satisfied with the achievements Therefore, N. Y. adopted ââ¬Å"The New Compact for Learningâ⬠. This plan is based on the principles that all children can learn. The focus of education should be on results and teachers should aim for mastery, not minimum competency. Education should be provided for all children and authority with accountability should be given to educators and success should be rewarded with necessary changes being made to reduce failures. This plan calls for curriculum to be devised n order to meet the needs of students so that they will be fully functional in society upon graduation, rather than just being able to graduate. Districts within the state have been given the authority to devise their own curriculum, but are held accountable by the state so that each district meets the states goals that have been established. Teachers are encouraged to challenge students to reach their full potential, rather than minimum competency. In this regard, tracking of students is being eliminated so that all students will be challenged, rather than just those who are gifted. Similarly, success hould be rewarded with recognition and incentives to further encourage progress for districts, teachers and students while others who are not as accomplished are provided remedial training or resources in order to help them achieve success. It is difficult to determine whether our country on the whole has responded to the concerns that ââ¬Å"A Nation at Riskâ⬠presented. Clearly though, N. Y. State has taken measures over the last ten years to improve its own education system. In many respects the state has accomplished much of what it set out to do, but the need to continue to improve is still present. Certainly, if America is determined to regain its superiority in the world, education, the foundation of our future, needs to be priority number one. Teachers often develop academic expectations of students based on characteristics that are unrelated to academic progress. These expectations can affect the way educators present themselves toward the student, causing an alteration in the way our students learn, and thus causing an overall degeneration in the potential Expectations affect students in many ways, not just academically, but in the form of mental and social deprivation which causes a lack of self-esteem. When educators receive information about students, mostly even before the student walks into their classroom, from past test scores, IEPâ⬠s, and past teachers, it tends to alter the way we look at the students potential for growth. This foundation of expectation is then transformed on to our method of One basic fallout from these expectations is the amount of time educators spend in communicating with students. We tend to speak more directly to students who excel, talking in more matures tone of voice, treating them more like a grown-up than we do to the students who are already labeled underachievers. This can give the student an added incentive to either progress or regress due to the amount of As educators we tend to take the exceptional students ââ¬Å"under our wingâ⬠. We tend to offer knowledge in situations to help push the good students, in comparison to moving on to the next task for the others. We also tend to critique the work of our god students more positively than the others, offering challenges to the answers they The most obvious characteristic that educators present to the students is in the area of body language and facial expression. We tend to present ourselves in a more professional manner to our good tudents, speaking more clearly and with a stronger tone of voice. You read "Decline of Education and the Rise of Mediocrity" in category "Essay examples" We tend to stand more upright, in a more powerful stance, than to the slouching effect we give to the underachievers. The head shakes, glancing with our eyes, hand gestures, and posture all contribute to the way we look at certain students based on our first impressions which came before we even knew the student. One major way we can avoid these pitfalls and eliminate unfair expectations that help produce failure in our students is to restrict the past information on the students to a need to know basis. Instead f telling the teacher how the student did on past examinations, just present them with the curricula that the student must learn during the time they spend in that class. This enables the educator to formulate their own opinions of that student. Also, instead of doing the IEP meetings during the middle of the year, we should wait till the end of the semester to inform the educators of certain aspects of the student instead of giving them all the information earlier in the year. Finally, it is up to the educator himself to evaluate their own teaching methods to be able to recognize, and change, the way they resent themselves to the entire class. To be able to know what we are doing, and how we are doing it, at different times in the day is crucial to the aura we present to the students. Schools are often blamed for the ills of society, yet society has a major impact on our education system. The problems that schools are facing today are certainly connected to the problems that are society faces, including drugs, violence, and the changing of our family structure. There are many methods that schools have begun to use in order to deal with the problems they are faced with and still offer the best possible education to our youth. The use of drugs in the general population has become a very serious problem in society and within the school system. There are two aspects to drug use that teachers are having to deal with now. The first is in trying to teach the new generation of crack babies that are now entering the schools. These students have extremely low attention spans and can be very disruptive in class. Early intervention programs designed to target these children and focus on behavior management within the school setting have been effective in preparing these students for school. Educators have also identified rug use among students as one of the most significant problems that our schools face today. According to the text, the rate of drug use among students has declined in last few years, but recently there has been an increase in alcohol abuse among teenagers. Intervention programs such as APPLE, (a school based rehabilitation facility) have been implemented in many schools with the cooperation of school counselors and community agencies to treat drug using teenagers. Other programs, such as D. A. R. E have been implemented in many elementary schools to provide education about drugs to young students. Violence, both in society and in the school system has also been identified as a serious problem. The influx of weapons in schools creates a dangerous situation for teachers, administrators and other students. One remedy for this problem has been introduced in many public city schools; the use of metal detectors. While this method is not foolproof it does send the message that violence will not be tolerated in schools and that severe measures will be implemented in order to curb it. Educators are also being trained to identify those students who may be violent and to provide non-violent risis intervention. It is an undeniable fact that our society has a serious problem concerning violence and that the violence on the streets is certainly connected to the violence in the schools. It seems questionable that even these measures will significantly reduce the problem in schools, but certainly the process of teaching can continue in a less stressful atmosphere by having these measures in Unfortunately, there are other problems such as the changing family structure that do not have such clear cut solutions. Some of the problems that teachers are faced with concerning the family nclude poverty, single parent homes, abuse and/or neglect and Statistics state that 41% of single, female headed households live below the poverty level and that students who live in single parent homes score lower on achievement tests, particularly boys whose mothers are the head of the household. Obviously, single parent families are a fact in our society today, given the rising rate of divorce and single women having children, and it is true that this change is having a severe effect on students today, but this should not effect the quality of education that is provided, but rather, ncourage educators to be more aware of the difficulties these students face in order to adapt their teaching style, as well as the Similarly, child abuse and/or neglect has become a major issue in society and schools. It is not clear whether there is a rise in the occurrences of abuse or whether better awareness has increased the statistics, but it cannot be argued that this a significant problem and one that effects those educators who have to help students who are either abused or neglected. Strict regulations concerning the accountability of teachers regarding the reporting of child abuse or eglect are in effect. Teachers are required to be trained on the ability to identify abuse. Community agencies, shelters and child welfare agencies have begun working in conjunction with schools in order to deal with the problem with as little disruption in the Homelessness is another major problem in our society. The rate of homeless people has grown significantly since the early 1980â⬠³s deinstitutionalization movement and more recently due to the rising unemployment rate have led to more families and children being homeless than ever before. This social problem has become a significant problem for educators. Low achievement, which may be in part due to low attendance as a result of a transient lifestyle, physical problems associated with living on the streets and child abuse are all issues that educators are confronted with when working with students who are homeless. Unfortunately, because of the lack of government funds, this problem continues to grow in America. On the other hand, schools have begun to deal with this problem by hiring additional counselors, some who work specifically to coordinate service with shelters in order provide assistance to these families and more precisely to the children. This effort clearly demonstrates that educators are genuinely concerned about providing education to Clearly our schools and society face the same problems. It has become necessary for all people, not just educators, to be more aware of the problems. Although some intervention programs have been implemented and in some cases are very successful, it is becoming more apparent that these problems are going to continue and will have a direct consequence on our future in this country. Unfortunately, we as a society tend to look for the ââ¬Å"quick fixâ⬠to our problems without realizing the consequences for the future. How to cite Decline of Education and the Rise of Mediocrity, Essay examples Decline of Education and the Rise of Mediocrity Free Essays string(99) " professional manner to our good tudents, speaking more clearly and with a stronger tone of voice\." According to ââ¬Å"A Nation at Riskâ⬠, the American education system has declined due to a ââ¬Å"rising tide of mediocrityâ⬠in our schools. States such as New York have responded to the findings and recommendations of the report by implementing such strategies as the ââ¬Å"Regents Action Planâ⬠and the ââ¬Å"New Compact for Learningâ⬠. In the early 1980â⬠³s, President Regan ordered a national commission to study our education system. We will write a custom essay sample on Decline of Education and the Rise of Mediocrity or any similar topic only for you Order Now The findings of this commission were that, compared with other industrialized nations, our education system is grossly inadequate in meeting the standards of education that many other countries have developed. At one time, America was the world leader in technology, service, and industry, but overconfidence based on a historical belief in our superiority has caused our nation to fall behind the rapidly growing competitive market in the world with regard to education. The report in some respects is an unfair comparison of our education system, which does not have a national standard for goals, curriculum, or regulations, with other countries that do, but the findings nevertheless reflect the need for change. Our education system at this time is regulated by states which implement their own curriculum, set their own goals nd have their own requirements for teacher preparation. Combined with this is the fact that we have lowered our expectations in these areas, thus we are not providing an equal or quality education to all students across the country. The commission findings generated recommendations to improve the content of education and raise the standards of student achievement, particularly in testing, increase the time spent on education and provide incentives to encourage more individuals to enter the field of education as well as improving N. Y. State responded to these recommendations by first mplementing the Regents Action Plan; an eight year plan designed to raise the standards of education. This plan changed the requirements for graduation by raising the number of credits needed for graduation, raising the number of required core curriculum classes such as social studies, and introduced technology and computer science. The plan also introduced the Regents Minimum Competency Tests, which requires a student to pass tests in five major categories; math, science, reading, writing, and two areas of social studies. Although the plan achieved many of its goals in raising standards of education in N. Y. State, the general consensus is that we need to continue to improve our education system rather than being satisfied with the achievements Therefore, N. Y. adopted ââ¬Å"The New Compact for Learningâ⬠. This plan is based on the principles that all children can learn. The focus of education should be on results and teachers should aim for mastery, not minimum competency. Education should be provided for all children and authority with accountability should be given to educators and success should be rewarded with necessary changes being made to reduce failures. This plan calls for curriculum to be devised n order to meet the needs of students so that they will be fully functional in society upon graduation, rather than just being able to graduate. Districts within the state have been given the authority to devise their own curriculum, but are held accountable by the state so that each district meets the states goals that have been established. Teachers are encouraged to challenge students to reach their full potential, rather than minimum competency. In this regard, tracking of students is being eliminated so that all students will be challenged, rather than just those who are gifted. Similarly, success hould be rewarded with recognition and incentives to further encourage progress for districts, teachers and students while others who are not as accomplished are provided remedial training or resources in order to help them achieve success. It is difficult to determine whether our country on the whole has responded to the concerns that ââ¬Å"A Nation at Riskâ⬠presented. Clearly though, N. Y. State has taken measures over the last ten years to improve its own education system. In many respects the state has accomplished much of what it set out to do, but the need to continue to improve is still present. Certainly, if America is determined to regain its superiority in the world, education, the foundation of our future, needs to be priority number one. Teachers often develop academic expectations of students based on characteristics that are unrelated to academic progress. These expectations can affect the way educators present themselves toward the student, causing an alteration in the way our students learn, and thus causing an overall degeneration in the potential Expectations affect students in many ways, not just academically, but in the form of mental and social deprivation which causes a lack of self-esteem. When educators receive information about students, mostly even before the student walks into their classroom, from past test scores, IEPâ⬠s, and past teachers, it tends to alter the way we look at the students potential for growth. This foundation of expectation is then transformed on to our method of One basic fallout from these expectations is the amount of time educators spend in communicating with students. We tend to speak more directly to students who excel, talking in more matures tone of voice, treating them more like a grown-up than we do to the students who are already labeled underachievers. This can give the student an added incentive to either progress or regress due to the amount of As educators we tend to take the exceptional students ââ¬Å"under our wingâ⬠. We tend to offer knowledge in situations to help push the good students, in comparison to moving on to the next task for the others. We also tend to critique the work of our god students more positively than the others, offering challenges to the answers they The most obvious characteristic that educators present to the students is in the area of body language and facial expression. We tend to present ourselves in a more professional manner to our good tudents, speaking more clearly and with a stronger tone of voice. You read "Decline of Education and the Rise of Mediocrity" in category "Papers" We tend to stand more upright, in a more powerful stance, than to the slouching effect we give to the underachievers. The head shakes, glancing with our eyes, hand gestures, and posture all contribute to the way we look at certain students based on our first impressions which came before we even knew the student. One major way we can avoid these pitfalls and eliminate unfair expectations that help produce failure in our students is to restrict the past information on the students to a need to know basis. Instead f telling the teacher how the student did on past examinations, just present them with the curricula that the student must learn during the time they spend in that class. This enables the educator to formulate their own opinions of that student. Also, instead of doing the IEP meetings during the middle of the year, we should wait till the end of the semester to inform the educators of certain aspects of the student instead of giving them all the information earlier in the year. Finally, it is up to the educator himself to evaluate their own teaching methods to be able to recognize, and change, the way they resent themselves to the entire class. To be able to know what we are doing, and how we are doing it, at different times in the day is crucial to the aura we present to the students. Schools are often blamed for the ills of society, yet society has a major impact on our education system. The problems that schools are facing today are certainly connected to the problems that are society faces, including drugs, violence, and the changing of our family structure. There are many methods that schools have begun to use in order to deal with the problems they are faced with and still offer the best possible education to our youth. The use of drugs in the general population has become a very serious problem in society and within the school system. There are two aspects to drug use that teachers are having to deal with now. The first is in trying to teach the new generation of crack babies that are now entering the schools. These students have extremely low attention spans and can be very disruptive in class. Early intervention programs designed to target these children and focus on behavior management within the school setting have been effective in preparing these students for school. Educators have also identified rug use among students as one of the most significant problems that our schools face today. According to the text, the rate of drug use among students has declined in last few years, but recently there has been an increase in alcohol abuse among teenagers. Intervention programs such as APPLE, (a school based rehabilitation facility) have been implemented in many schools with the cooperation of school counselors and community agencies to treat drug using teenagers. Other programs, such as D. A. R. E have been implemented in many elementary schools to provide education about drugs to young students. Violence, both in society and in the school system has also been identified as a serious problem. The influx of weapons in schools creates a dangerous situation for teachers, administrators and other students. One remedy for this problem has been introduced in many public city schools; the use of metal detectors. While this method is not foolproof it does send the message that violence will not be tolerated in schools and that severe measures will be implemented in order to curb it. Educators are also being trained to identify those students who may be violent and to provide non-violent risis intervention. It is an undeniable fact that our society has a serious problem concerning violence and that the violence on the streets is certainly connected to the violence in the schools. It seems questionable that even these measures will significantly reduce the problem in schools, but certainly the process of teaching can continue in a less stressful atmosphere by having these measures in Unfortunately, there are other problems such as the changing family structure that do not have such clear cut solutions. Some of the problems that teachers are faced with concerning the family nclude poverty, single parent homes, abuse and/or neglect and Statistics state that 41% of single, female headed households live below the poverty level and that students who live in single parent homes score lower on achievement tests, particularly boys whose mothers are the head of the household. Obviously, single parent families are a fact in our society today, given the rising rate of divorce and single women having children, and it is true that this change is having a severe effect on students today, but this should not effect the quality of education that is provided, but rather, ncourage educators to be more aware of the difficulties these students face in order to adapt their teaching style, as well as the Similarly, child abuse and/or neglect has become a major issue in society and schools. It is not clear whether there is a rise in the occurrences of abuse or whether better awareness has increased the statistics, but it cannot be argued that this a significant problem and one that effects those educators who have to help students who are either abused or neglected. Strict regulations concerning the accountability of teachers regarding the reporting of child abuse or eglect are in effect. Teachers are required to be trained on the ability to identify abuse. Community agencies, shelters and child welfare agencies have begun working in conjunction with schools in order to deal with the problem with as little disruption in the Homelessness is another major problem in our society. The rate of homeless people has grown significantly since the early 1980â⬠³s deinstitutionalization movement and more recently due to the rising unemployment rate have led to more families and children being homeless than ever before. This social problem has become a significant problem for educators. Low achievement, which may be in part due to low attendance as a result of a transient lifestyle, physical problems associated with living on the streets and child abuse are all issues that educators are confronted with when working with students who are homeless. Unfortunately, because of the lack of government funds, this problem continues to grow in America. On the other hand, schools have begun to deal with this problem by hiring additional counselors, some who work specifically to coordinate service with shelters in order provide assistance to these families and more precisely to the children. This effort clearly demonstrates that educators are genuinely concerned about providing education to Clearly our schools and society face the same problems. It has become necessary for all people, not just educators, to be more aware of the problems. Although some intervention programs have been implemented and in some cases are very successful, it is becoming more apparent that these problems are going to continue and will have a direct consequence on our future in this country. Unfortunately, we as a society tend to look for the ââ¬Å"quick fixâ⬠to our problems without realizing the consequences for the future. How to cite Decline of Education and the Rise of Mediocrity, Papers Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-56266739277720579732020-04-27T12:45:00.001-07:002020-04-27T12:45:01.968-07:00Unchanging China Analysis Essays - Economy Of China, Unchanging China Analysis ~Table of Contents~ Article 1: Unchanging China, News Analysis by David Shapinsky, ABC News. 11/20/99 Article 2: WTO Entry Mixed Blessing for China, By John Leicester, Associated Press Writer. 11/21/99 Article 3: The Imperial Dragon, By Terry McCarthy, Time Magazine. 11/29/99 Conclusion Bibliography Article #1 After rather lengthy negotiations between the United States and China, there has been a trade agreement reached between the two countries. China has agreed to enter into the World Trade Organization(WTO). This along with U.S. Deputy Assistant Defense Secretary Kurt Campbell's visit to China in an attempt to mend relations damaged by the U.S. bombing of the Chinese Embassy in Belgrade, marked a good series of events for U.S. and Chinese relations. The article also shows that the relationship between these two countries still needs work which cannot be done with ease. A century ago, the U.S. fought off rival countries in a battle for economic influence in China. The 20th century began with U.S. Secretary of State Jon Hay arguing that whoever understood China ?has the key to world politics for the next five centuries.? Yet, according to the article, foreign policy experts agree that most Americans see what they want to see. Harvey Sicherman, President of the Foreign Policy Research Institute put it nicely in the article, ?The pattern of our policy toward China is a series of illusions punctuated by unpleasantries.? Professor Michael Hunt, an historian of U.S.-China relations points out, ?We really invest a lot of hopes in China, we do this repeatedly, and they've really been crushed. They are so much an expression of our own needs and our own expectations.? Take the idea of the China market. One Far-Eastern expert proclaimed at the end of the last century, ?No other market in the world offers such vast and varied opportunities for the further increase of American exports.? Take that comment with this one by the U.S. chamber of Commerce about the recent progress made, ?This is really a landmark opportunity to open up China's vast market to American companies.? These expectations could be dangerous, points out the author. The market might not even materialize into what many are predicting it to be. To achieve the ?dream? of a billion-plus consumers of American products, China will have to raise the average income of its citizens which is no easy or short-term task. Such changes cannot happen overnight, China's move toward a market economy will require ?systematic improvement? at all levels of society according to the author. One of the grandest illusions of Western Policy has been the reasoning that it can single-handedly change China. For more than a century Western missionaries, businessmen, and advisers have come to China believing in their ?superiority? over the nation. This arrogance was present because they possessed advanced technical skills and a sense of moral rightness. These Westerners thought they should be welcomed and listened to immediately. When the Chinese went their own way, these same Westerners felt betrayed by the entire nation of China. The author points out a specific example of this occurring in 1949. When the Chinese Communist forces finally took over the mainland and established the People's Republic, many Americans engaged in a witch-hunt over who had ?lost China?, as if China was a thing that could be lost and also as if the United States had any control over the destiny of such an ancient and populous nation. A key to this historical arrogance is the American idea that market forces can rapidly transform an authoritarian government into a model democracy. U.S. trade negotiators still argue the current trade pact between China and the United States will help the Chinese achieve, in their words, ?greater freedom and greater global prosperity.? Robert Dallek, a foreign policy expert and presidential historian, says ?Americans often think the end of such development is something that looks like the United States.? This is an idea that goes way back to the 19th Century. According to Dallek, ?Chinese movement toward democracy may never come about or even come near to what we think it should be.? And if it does, ?It will be their kind of capitalism, their kind of democracy.? The author's points seem clear in that although much progress has been made in recent weeks, there is still a lot of work to be done. Yadong Liu, a former official in the Chinese Foreign Ministry, agrees with the author and does not see China's recent development as leading to the end of conflict with the United States. He emphasizes China's Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-18777515062643512472020-03-19T11:38:00.001-07:002020-03-19T11:38:02.567-07:00construction essaysconstruction essays CHALLENGES FACING URBAN TRANSPORT IN ASIA One of the greatest challenges facing the new millennium is to effect a well integrated and environmentally acceptable solution for urban transportation. In spite of many decades of studies, involving research and experiments, success has often been elusive and more importantly, there is still a lack of consensus of what constitutes an acceptable integrated transport policy within the urban fabric The paper analyses the global trend towards urbanisation and demonstrates that while there are megacites throughout the world,there is a concentration of them in the Asian region and that the region needs to devise ways of dealing with the problem.Since a majority of the cities in Asia are still developing, the rapid urbanisation of these cities has posed serious problems before the city managers and administrators in the field of housing, infra-structure, social amenities and transport.Transportation is crucial for the economic growth of the region.Urban mobility is a basic recquirment of urban economy.As a result of this urban transport is getting more and more importance with the passage of time.The paper looks at the scale of the problem facing urban transport planners and service operators in keeping the cities moving so that urban productivity is not affected. A number of measures are needed : in the Short Term in a coordinated manner in areas such as road pricing , fiscal constraints, computerised traffic control systems, various traffic control measures, strict enforcement of traffic laws, operational and pricing improvements.Some of the other short term measures are making fuels costly , subsidising public transport.Also regulating on-street parking and levying proper parking charges can be adopted as effective short term measures. Long Term mearures include improved land use planning, encouragement of distributedurban land development and investment in mass transit systems. .T... Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-57415406214758004572020-03-03T03:24:00.001-08:002020-03-03T03:24:03.046-08:00Christmas Quotes From Famous WritersChristmas Quotes From Famous Writers The Christmas Holidays are all about traditions. Families and friends sing Christmas carols, and kids listen to stories about Santaà and Rudolph. Whether you are looking for words to express in Christmas cards or letters, in social media or just for fun, here you can find famous quotations byà famous writers. Margaret Cousins Christmas, in its final essence, is for grown people who have forgotten what children know. Christmas is for whoever is old enough to have denied the unquenchable spirit of man. Dale Evans Christmas, my child, is love in action.à Joan Winmill Brown Christmas! The very word brings joy to our hearts. No matter how we may dread the rush, the long Christmas lists for gifts and cards to be bought and given - when Christmas Day comes there is still the same warm feeling we had as children, the same warmth that enfolds our hearts and our homes.à Bess Streeter Aldrich Christmas Eve was a night of song that wrapped itself about you like a shawl. But it warmed more than your body. It warmed your heart...filled it, too, with melody that would last forever.à Oren Arnold Christmas gift suggestions: To your enemy, forgiveness. To an opponent, tolerance. To a friend, your heart. To a customer, service. To all, charity. To every child, a good example. To yourself, respect. Lenore Hershey Do give books - religious or otherwise - for Christmas. Theyre never fattening, seldom sinful, and permanently personal.à Peg Bracken Gifts of time and love are surely the basic ingredients of a truly merry Christmas.à Ray Stannard Baker I sometimes think we expect too much of Christmas Day. We try to crowd into it the long arrears of kindliness and humanity of the whole year. As for me, I like to take my Christmas a little at a time, all through the year. And thus I drift along into the holidays - let them overtake me unexpectedly - waking up some fine morning and suddenly saying to myself: Why this is Christmas Day! Charles Dickens I will honour Christmas in my heart, and try to keep it all the year. W.T Ellis It is Christmas in the heart that puts Christmas in the air. Isabel Currier It is the personal thoughtfulness, the warm human awareness, the reaching out of the self to ones fellow man that makes giving worthy of the Christmas spirit. Charlton Heston My first copies of Treasure Islandà and Huckleberry Finnà still have some blue-spruce needles scattered in the pages. They smell of Christmas still. Charlotte Carpenter Remember, if Christmas isnt found in your heart, you wont find it under a tree. Hugh Downs Something about an old-fashioned Christmas is hard to forget. Phillips Brooks The earth has grown old with its burden of care But at Christmas it always is young, The heart of the jewel burns lustrous and fair And its soul full of music breaks the air, When the song of angels is sung.à Charles N. Barnard The perfect Christmas tree? All Christmas trees are perfect!à Erma Bombeck Theres nothing sadder in this world than to awake Christmas morning and not be a child.à Mrs. Paul M. Ell They err who think Santa Claus comes down through the chimney; he really enters through the heart.à Taylor Caldwell This is the message of Christmas: We are never alone. Calvin Coolidge To the American People: Christmas is not a time or a season but a state of mind. To cherish peace and goodwill, to be plenteous in mercy, is to have the real spirit of Christmas. If we think on these things, there will be born in us a Savior and over us will shine a star sending its gleam of hope to the world. Bing Crosby Unless we make Christmas an occasion to share our blessings, all the snow in Alaska wont make it white.à Marjorie Holmes At Christmas, all roads lead home.à Majorie Holmes It comes every year and will go on forever. And along with Christmas belong the keepsakes and the customs. Those humble, everyday things a mother clings to, and ponders, like Mary in the secret spaces of her heart. Bob Hope My idea of Christmas, whether old-fashioned or modern, is very simple: loving others. Come to think of it, why do we have to wait for Christmas to do that? Bob Hope When we recall Christmas past, we usually find that the simplest things - not the great occasions - give off the greatest glow of happiness. Washington Irving Christmas is the season for kindling the fire of hospitality in the hall, the genial flame of charity in the heart. W.C. Jones The joy of brightening other lives, bearing each others burdens, easing others loads and supplanting empty hearts and lives with generous gifts becomes for us the magic of Christmas.à Garrison Keillor A lovely thing about Christmas is that its compulsory, like a thunderstorm, and we all go through it together. Robert Lynd Were I a philosopher, I should write a philosophy of toys, showing that nothing else in life need to be takenà seriouslyà and that Christmas Day in the company of children is one of the few occasions on which men become entirely alive. Hamilton Wright Mabie Blessed is the season which engages the whole world in a conspiracy of love. Harlan Miller I wish we could put up some of the Christmasà spirità in jars and open a jar of it every month. Joan Mills Christmas is the keeping-place for memories of our innocence. Garry Moore Christmas is, of course, the time to be home - inà heartà as well asà body. Agnes M. Pahro What is Christmas? It is tenderness for the past, courage for the present, hope for the future. It is a fervent wish that every cup may overflow with blessings rich andà eternal,à and that every path may lead to peace. Norman Vincent Peale Christmas waves a magic wand over this world, and behold, everything is softer and more beautiful. Norman Vincent Peale I truly believe that if we keep telling the Christmas story, singing the Christmas songs, and living the Christmas spirit, we can bring joy and happiness and peace to this world. Andy Rooney One of the most glorious messes in the world is the mess created in the living room on Christmas day. Dont clean it up too quickly. Andy Rooney The best Christmas trees come very close to exceeding nature. Augusta E. Rundell Christmas - that magic blanket that wraps itself about us, that something so intangible that it is like a fragrance. It may weave a spell of nostalgia. Christmas may be a day of feasting, or of prayer, but always it will be a day of remembrance - a day in which we think of everything we have ever loved. Eric Sevareid As long as we know in our hearts what Christmas ought to be, Christmas is. Eric Sevareid Christmas is a necessity. There has to be at least one day of the year to remind us that were here for something else besides ourselves. Ralph Sockman Christmas renews our youth by stirring our wonder. The capacity for wonder has been called our most pregnant human faculty, for in it are born our art, our science, our religion. Margaret Thatcher Christmas is a day of meaning and traditions, a special day spent in the warm circle of family and friends. Thomas Tusser At Christmas play and make good cheer, For Christmas comes but once a year. Lenora Mattingly Weber Christmas is for children. But it is for grownups too. Even if it is a headache, a chore, and nightmare, it is a period of necessary defrosting of chill and hide-bound hearts. Joanne Woodward Which Christmas is the most vivid to me? Its always the next Christmas. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-82393622007300558412020-02-15T18:48:00.001-08:002020-02-15T18:48:02.562-08:00News assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3News - Assignment Example According to the news article, there was also police militarization when managing the protests in Ferguson. The turmoil continued on November 24th, 2014, after the law enforcement officer who shot Michael Brown was indicted by a grand jury. According to the Sneed (1), the writer who came up with the article, these problems are not Fergusonââ¬â¢s alone, but they represent an entire problem being faced by the entire United States. He argues that the problems might even be more dramatic in other regions of the Unites States, but they are not being reported. The law enforcement is faced with demands for increased protection and service in ghetto neighborhoods. However, the hostile patrol practices thought essential to meet these demands themselves lead to tension and hostility. The article identified factors such as lack of employment, education, housing and discriminatory traits towards a biased justice system and an improper government program, which led to the mass protests in Miss ouri (Sneed 1). Chapter 5 and 6 of Criminal Justice in America discusses the use of excessive force by police officers as well as the conclusions made concerning police officials (Cole, Smith and DeJong 107). There were detailed applications of forces by police officers against citizens, which violate either constitutional rights, as well as other departmental policies, through exceeding the degree of force permissible and significant in a given scenario. Some of the conclusions made about are that they use force infrequently, but they occur in the lower end of the force spectrum, which mainly involves pushing, grabbing or shoving (Cole et al. 109). Also, use of force normally takes place when police officers are attempting to make an arrest, but the suspects is opposing. From the Michael Brown shooting, we could see that the police definitely used excessive force to calm the situation, which eventually led to Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-90782665786670507262020-02-02T11:44:00.001-08:002020-02-02T11:44:02.944-08:00Southwest airlines Comparative Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1Southwest airlines Comparative Analysis - Essay Example s the customers choose increasing demand, the company also receives less complaints compared to other airlines and this has made it to become a market leader in the airline industry. There are however other factors that has led to the success of South west airlines and they include the organization structure, organization culture and leadership, the following is an analysis of the companyââ¬â¢s structure, culture and leadership compared to its competitors. Organization structures include the flat structures, tall structures, hierarchical structure, centralized and decentralized structures and each structure adopted has advantages and disadvantage associated. The company is organized in a hierarchical structure whereby top workers include the CEO and executive vice presidents. (Hoffer, 29) The advantage of this structure is that authority and a responsibility are clearly defined. Clearly defined roles help in reducing conflicts in an organization and also help in improving productivity and specialization. The other advantage associated with the hierarchical structure is that promotion paths are clearly defined. This means that workers are well motivated to achieve higher positions in the organization, promotion is based on performance and therefore top managers are well aware of the operations and activities in their division. High productivity is achieved where worker are motivated to improve performance which in turn leads to high profitability. (McCartney, 2007) Managers are specialized in the hierarchical structure, managers are promoted from non managerial positions in the organization and also from the same division they work and therefore they specialize in the same position and this ensures efficiency in the company. The other advantage of this structure realized by the Southwest airline is that workers are more loyal to their divisions; the company is divided in several divisions and these department help in improving productivity of workers through Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-73791643324944057182020-01-25T08:07:00.001-08:002020-01-25T08:07:02.205-08:00All About Shark Cartilage Essay -- Animals Fish PapersAll About Shark Cartilage Sharks have existed on this earth for over 400 million years, and for the most part have been one of the only species in earthââ¬â¢s history that has not been changed dramatically as a result of evolution (http://www.nutritionwarehouse.com/Shark.Cartilage.html). Furthermore, in recent times since the onslaught of the industrial revolution, numerous pollutants and toxins have been introduced into the earthââ¬â¢s oceans, forests, and atmosphere resulting in cancerous development in nearly all forms of life. Incredibly, however, the amazing living machine known as the shark has survived literally unchanged and has rarely developed cancer despite the fact that almost all other creatures of land and sea get cancer regularly (http://www.realife.com/cancer.html - http://www.realife.com/cancer.html ). These prehistoric sea creatures have skeletons, unlike other animals, largely made up of cartilage, which is a tough yet malleable connective tissue. The fact that sharks do not regularly get cancer, that they have survived the test of time, and that they are composed mostly of cartilage has raised quite a bit of interest among scientists within the past twenty years (http://www.realife.com/cancer.html - http://www.realife.com/cancer.html ). Based upon this research (however, mostly unofficial) shark cartilage is now very popular on the web as a safe and effective treatment for osteo and rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, and numerous other diseases (http://www.freeyellow.com/members/totalnatural/doforme.html - http://www.freeyellow.com/members/total). The above information was obtained off of the world wide web, however, in this website we will also discuss the "real" information that has been obtained from reliable med... ... claims made on the web are definitely not true because of their lack of scientific evidence. Shark cartilage may be used for cancer treatment effectively in the future, however, right now no scientific facts can support the claims of shark cartilage's ability to treat cancer. References Hunt, Traci. "Shark cartilage for cancer treatment." American Journal of Health System Pharmacology. Aug 15 1995; 52: 1756, 60. Iwaguchi, T. "A novel angiogenic inhibitor." Cancer Letters. Jun 15 1990; 51:181-6. Langer, Robert. "Shark cartilage contains inhibitors of tumor angiogenesis." Science. 1983; 221:1185-87. Markman, Maurie. "Shark cartilage." Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. June 1996; 63:179-180 Matthews, James. "Media feeds frenzy over shark cartilage as cancer treatment." Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Aug 4 1993; 85:1190-91. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-66676726907281915842020-01-17T04:30:00.001-08:002020-01-17T04:30:03.597-08:00Oedipusââ¬â¢s transition from the beginning to the end EssaySophoclesââ¬â¢ Greek tragedy, ââ¬Å"Oedipusâ⬠displays how fate and destiny, rather than chance, determine the events within human life. It is this fate that turns Oedipusââ¬â¢ seemingly perfect existence full circle, leaving him with less than nothing in the end. During the course of this story, Oedipus undergoes a complete conversion because of his personal quest to find out his true identity. He eventually learns the truth, but at a great cost. He finds that he isnââ¬â¢t who he believed himself to be, and he loses everything in the process. Oedipus therefore undergoes an absolute transition from a kingship to exile, from wisdom to confusedness, from admirability to utter shame. When Oedipus is first seen, he is clearly noted as the ruler of Thebes. The priest in fact regards him as, ââ¬Å"Great King of Thebes and sovereign Oedipusâ⬠¦ â⬠(Line 14). At the moment, Thebes is afflicted with a terrible and mysterious plague, which can only be eliminated when the murderer of Laius, the former King of Thebes, is exiled or killed. It is apparent that the people trust and admire their King, and so they look to him for help and guidance. This is why Oedipus acts so swiftly to find Laiusââ¬â¢ murderer no matter what the cost may be. Oedipus once again exercises his kingship and power against Creon, upon hearing from Teiresias (a prophet) that he himself killed Laius. He accuses Creon of treason and sentences him to death. Even though the whole chorus and his wife, Iocasta, are against him, his will is still carried out until he himself decides otherwise. Such makes Oedipus the most powerful man at this point. However, as the events progress, Oedipus finds out that he indeed killed Laius. Upon hearing this, Oedipusââ¬â¢ whole world shatters, and he can no longer bear the truth. He blinds and willingly sends himself to exile. Oedipus loses his title and all the power that it stands for. He is left with nothing but his life in the end. Oedipus gained his Kingship by defeating the mythical man eating Sphinx and solving its riddle. The riddle was, ââ¬Å"What has four legs in the morning, two at noon, and three at night? â⬠Oedipus was the only one who answered, ââ¬Å"Manâ⬠, causing the Sphinx to finally kill herself. Man crawled as a baby in its youth, walked with both feet during mid life, and walked with a cane when old. Answering this riddle saved the kingdom of Thebes from the feared Sphinx, and so Oedipus was forever recognized for this. Oedipusââ¬â¢ wit, however, was also the cause of his downfall. This is shown during Oedipusââ¬â¢ debate with Teiresias. As Oedipus exclaims, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ my skill has brought me gloryâ⬠, Teiresias replies, ââ¬Å"And this success brought you to ruin tooâ⬠(lines 441-443). In other words, Oedipus fulfilled the dark prophecy placed upon him by defeating the Sphinx and thus, marrying Iocasta. In this tragedy, Oedipus is faced with the riddle of his identity. However, despite his wit, he is never able to solve the riddle on his own. In fact, he is confused practically throughout the course of the story. Iocasta even solves this riddle before he does, explaining her sheer reluctance of him trying to find out. It takes a whole cluster of clues for Oedipus to finally see that he was his fatherââ¬â¢s murderer, and his motherââ¬â¢s husband. Finally, Oedipus begins the tragedy with all the qualities of an admirable King. Oedipus genuinely loves his subjects, as can be seen in lines 58-60 ââ¬Å"My children, what you long for, that I know indeed, and pity you. â⬠He calls his citizens his children, signifying his seniority, but also his devotion to them. He is proud of his citizens and of himself. He wants to prove that he is a good king to his people, and so he allows Creon to speak his news from Apollo in front of all Thebans. He tells Creon, ââ¬Å"Let them all hear! Their sufferings distress me more than if my own life were at stakeâ⬠(93-94). Also, he sincerely wants to save his citizens by finding Laiusââ¬â¢ murderer as soon as possible. Therefore, he cares about his people even more than he does himself. Towards the end of the story, however, Oedipus becomes the epitome of shame throughout the kingdom of Thebes. In ancient Greece, family and heritage was one of the most important virtues practiced. And thus, killing oneââ¬â¢s own father was the most dishonorable action, next to marrying oneââ¬â¢s own mother. Oedipus, sadly, performed both of these shameful crimes which were considered worse, even, than mass murder. So Oedipus went from being the pride of Thebes to its worst shame. Oedipus is indeed so ashamed of his actions that he tells his advisor, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ Quick as you can, I beg, banish me, hide me, slay me! Throw me forth into the sea, where I may sink from viewâ⬠¦ There is no man alive can bear this load of evil but myselfâ⬠. Oedipusââ¬â¢ transition is evident in how he is now pleading and begging his own advisor to banish him from Thebes. Thus, Oedipus loses everything, including his own dignity. In conclusion, Oedipus makes a tragic transition from having everything to having nothing. Because of his quest for the truth, he finally found it and suffered the most in the end. However, despite the shame in what Oedipus did, one must still admire his spirit to continue looking for truth. It is admirable how he chose blindness rather than death, and in a way, punished himself for his past sins. Such a trait still makes him a hero, at in that sense. Sources: 1. http://www. users. globalnet. co. uk/~loxias/myth. htm#interpretation 2. http://cgi. sparknotes. com/hlite. rmpl? words=oedipus&pd=0&page=section5. rhtml&guide=%2fdrama%2foedipus. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-38495089628283553302020-01-09T00:52:00.001-08:002020-01-09T00:52:01.945-08:00Analysis Of Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness And The... Everyone is born under different circumstances, different experiences, and develop different positions. Although gender allows our existence to flourish, females were and are still discriminated against. Similar to those people who experienced the dismantle of their culture and people, imperialism seeks people who are different. They observe the differences of language, culture, and even physical appearances. In Heart of Darkness and The Quiet American, the treatment of women and victims of imperialism are almost indistinguishable. Joseph Conrad and Graham Greene were both aware of the constraints women in the 19th and 20th century faced for simply being rational and intelligent. Women were objectified and a straightjacket of propriety,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The parallelism between female suppression and the conquest of the natives are functioning simultaneously in Conrad s novel. Women are too, those being victimized. They are similar to the natives who were objectified and perceived to be uncivilized and ultimately unable to handle responsibility. They are lied to, promised things, and bound by a traditional institution rather than love. Conrad, therefore acknowledges this misconstruction of gender equality, by becoming aware of its biasness. It is also argued that Conrad had racist tendencies in Heart of Darkness because he refrains from giving a voice to the Africans. He does this as well with women, refraining from much dialogue within the text several times. But does this truly make him a racist or a sexist, for that matter? Readers look at these examples as a cut and clear indication that Conrad had no regard for these groups of people, without a full examination of his intentions. I believe the evolution of Marlow as a character represents Conradââ¬â¢s true intention. Marlow right off the start of the novel can be seen as a sexist, maybe because of the lack of a female character in his life. He feels embarrassed that he has to go to his aunt for a job, but he does acknowledge her pull to get him an opportunity to travel the Congo. I believe Conrad was being satirical when he presented this view of Marlow on women. Marlow describes women as living, ââ¬Å"in a world of their own, and there has never been anything likeShow MoreRelatedModernist Elements in the Hollow Men7051 Words à |à 29 Pagesdeep and long reflection for thoughtful readers. T.S. Eliot, who always believed that in his end is his beginning, died and left his verse full of hidden messages to be understood, and codes to be deciphered. It is this complexity, which is at the heart of modernism as a literary movement, that makes of Eliotââ¬â¢s poetry very typically modernist. As Ezra Pound once famously stated, Eliot truly did ââ¬Å"modernize himselfâ⬠. Although his poetry was subject to important transformations over the course of hisRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words à |à 1186 PagesLeadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFPââ¬â¢s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure and Culture 2.4.1 Organization cultures [G.7] 2.4.2 Organization structure Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-19139484006701309092019-12-31T21:15:00.001-08:002019-12-31T21:15:05.435-08:00Understanding Deliverance DaneJanehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-72974236029671813942019-12-23T17:02:00.001-08:002019-12-23T17:02:02.502-08:00Mcdonalds The Fast Food Restaurant Business - 1180 Words McDonaldââ¬â¢s Corporation has continued to evolve in the fast-food industry, and introduced a more contemporary look and new menu items, while altering traditional favorites. The changes we see before us today, are all a part of the companyââ¬â¢s strategic plan. However, five things still remain a priority in McDonaldââ¬â¢s strategy; people, products, place, price, and promotion. The company depends on each of these core drivers to create opportunities for McDonaldââ¬â¢s Corporation. During my research I have taken a look at how some of McDonaldââ¬â¢s competitors measure up to the company. However, in this paper I will be discussing Burger Kingââ¬â¢s position compared to McDonaldââ¬â¢s by using some of the recent articles I read about the fast-food restaurant business. Additionally, I will be summarizing McDonaldââ¬â¢s strategies and performance in 2010, and the effectiveness of the companyââ¬â¢s strategies. Lastly, I will discuss some recommendations that I would offer McDonaldââ¬â¢s chief executive officer. Burger King is one of many competitors McDonaldââ¬â¢s continues to crush year after year. However, all eyes are currently on Burger King with its newly introduced menu item; flame grilled hot dogs. Although it may not be bringing as much revenue as McDonaldââ¬â¢s, this could be a smart strategy by Burger King, because hot dogs are not on a lot of fast food menus; especially not McDonaldââ¬â¢s. It could assist the company in attracting children and other diners who are looking for something traditional and inexpensiveShow MoreRelatedFast Food Chains And Customer Satisfaction Essay1721 Words à |à 7 Pagesare many fast food chains operating around the world today. They are operating in the same competitive environment. Fast food chains have been competing with each other since the 1950s. Competitors in the fast food industry compete with each other on key attributes like price, service quality, access, product select ion, innovation and customer satisfaction. Fast food chains around the world frequently engage in price wars. 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Background of MacDonald Read MoreFast Food Global Companies: MacDonalds930 Words à |à 4 Pages In the late 1940ââ¬â¢s, Dick and Mac McDonalds were searching for a way to improve their little drive-in restaurant in San Bernardino, California. They invented an entirely new concept based upon speed service (fast food) and low prices. McDonaldââ¬â¢s is now the largest and best-known foodservice and one of the best-known and powerful brands in the market. McDonaldââ¬â¢s is a globally known fast food company that aims particularly to young audience hence all their commercials are mainly about happy mealsRead More Mcdonalds Golden Arches Essay1278 Words à |à 6 PagesMcdonalds Golden Arches When fast food comes to mind, one fast food mammoth comes to mind: McDonalds. The imperial fast food giant can be linked visually to several images, but namely its trademark golden arches. Other visual images, primarily for advertisement purposes, are also stamped into the minds of Americans associating the idea of burgers and fries with the ubiquitous franchise. However, the image displayed in the Time Magazines September 30th 2002 issue, is an image that isRead MoreMcdonalds : Mcdonald s Restaurant1146 Words à |à 5 PagesIntroduction When you first come into the United States, what is the first restaurant that you be well known and noticeable, most of the answer should have McDonaldââ¬â¢s restaurant. Even McDonald has built in America but in recently, to describe McDonaldââ¬â¢s restaurant, it is one of the biggest fast food restaurants in the world. Today, McDonald has cover more than 100 countries, more than 30,000 restaurants and serves more than 50 million worldwide in one day. McDonald use letter M with golden colorRead MoreComparing The Financial Ratios And Statements From Mcdonalds And Wendys1600 Words à |à 7 PagesIntroduction The restaurant industry ââ¬Å"operates restaurants and other eating places, including full-service restaurants, quick-service restaurants, cafeterias, buffets, and snack barsâ⬠(Restaurants). The fast food sector has a number of popular companies like McDonaldââ¬â¢s and Wendyââ¬â¢s. Fast food chains earn the majority of their success by offering quick, inexpensive meals made uniformly around the world (Nath). This project will be focused on comparing the financial ratios and statements from McDonaldââ¬â¢s (MCD)Read MoreMcdonald s Business Strategy Analysis1465 Words à |à 6 Pages McDonaldââ¬â¢s MGT 608 Thirin Santiworakun National University McDonaldââ¬â¢s When you first come into the United States, what is the first restaurant that you be well known and noticeable, most of the answer should have McDonaldââ¬â¢s restaurant. Even McDonald has built in America but in recently, to describe McDonaldââ¬â¢s restaurant, it is one of the biggest fast food restaurants in the world. Today, McDonald has cover more than 100 countries, more than 30,000 restaurants and serves more thanRead MoreMcdonald s Target Market Analysis Essay1213 Words à |à 5 PagesMcDonaldââ¬â¢s Target Market Research has shown that McDonaldââ¬â¢s target market is very broad. McDonaldââ¬â¢s menu includes items that are meant to appeal to people of all ages. McDonaldââ¬â¢s offers Happy Meals for children, coffees and breakfasts for people who are too busy to make their own breakfast or coffee in the morning. They also offer healthy options on their menu and alongside all of this they offer the usual burgers, fries and beverages. McDonaldââ¬â¢s also offers free Wi-Fi in their restaurants for people Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-14334917996637927772019-12-15T13:31:00.001-08:002019-12-15T13:31:04.917-08:00The Vampire Diaries The Awakening Chapter Seven Free Essays string(85) " heard the grinding of stone and felt the lid shift under her left hand all at once\." Bonnie was on the dance floor, eyes shut, letting the music flow through her. When she opened her eyes for an instant, Meredith was beckoning from the sidelines. Bonnie thrust her chin out mutinously, but as the gestures became more insistent she rolled her eyes up at Raymond and obeyed. We will write a custom essay sample on The Vampire Diaries: The Awakening Chapter Seven or any similar topic only for you Order Now Raymond followed. Matt and Ed were behind Meredith. Matt was scowling. Ed was looking uncomfortable. ââ¬Å"Elena just left,â⬠said Meredith. ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s a free country,â⬠said Bonnie. ââ¬Å"She went with Tyler Smallwood,â⬠said Meredith. ââ¬Å"Matt, are you sure you didnââ¬â¢t hear where they were going?â⬠Matt shook his head. ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢d say she deserves whatever happens-but itââ¬â¢s my fault, too, in a way,â⬠he said bleakly. ââ¬Å"I guess we ought to go after her.â⬠ââ¬Å"Leave thedance ?â⬠Bonnie said. She looked at Meredith, who mouthed the wordsyou promised . ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t believe this,â⬠she muttered savagely. ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t know how weââ¬â¢ll find her,â⬠said Meredith, ââ¬Å"but weââ¬â¢ve got to try.â⬠Then she added, in a strangely hesitant voice, ââ¬Å"Bonnie,you donââ¬â¢t happen to know where she is, do you?â⬠ââ¬Å"What? No, of course not; Iââ¬â¢ve been dancing. Youââ¬â¢ve heard of that, havenââ¬â¢t you: what you go to a dance for?â⬠ââ¬Å"You and Ray stay here,â⬠Matt said to Ed. ââ¬Å"If she comes back, tell her weââ¬â¢re out looking.â⬠ââ¬Å"And if weââ¬â¢re going, weââ¬â¢d better go now,â⬠Bonnie put in ungraciously. She turned and promptly ran into a dark blazer. ââ¬Å"Well, excuse me,â⬠she snapped, looking up and seeing Stefan Salvatore. He said nothing as she and Meredith and Matt headed for the door, leaving an unhappy-looking Raymond and Ed behind. The stars were distant and ice-bright in the cloudless sky. Elena felt just like them. Part of her was laughing and shouting with Dick and Vickie and Tyler over the roar of the wind, but part of her was watching from far away. Tyler parked halfway up the hill to the ruined church, leaving his headlights on as they all got out. Although there had been several cars behind them when they left the school, they appeared to be the only ones whoââ¬â¢d made it all the way to the cemetery. Tyler opened the trunk and pulled out a six-pack. ââ¬Å"All the more for us.â⬠He offered a beer to Elena, who shook her head, trying to ignore the sick feeling in the pit of her stomach. She felt all wrong being here-but there was no way she was going to admit that now. They climbed the flagstone path, the girls staggering in their high heels and leaning on the boys. When they reached the top, Elena gasped and Vickie gave a little scream. Something huge and red was hovering just above the horizon. It took Elena a moment to realize it was actually the moon. It was as large and unrealistic as a prop in a science-fiction movie, and its bloated mass glowed dully with an unwholesome light. ââ¬Å"Like a big rotten pumpkin,â⬠said Tyler, and lobbed a stone at it. Elena made herself smile brilliantly up at him. ââ¬Å"Why donââ¬â¢t we go inside?â⬠Vickie said, pointing a white hand at the empty hole of the church doorway. Most of the roof had fallen in, although the belfry was still intact, a tower stretching up high above them. Three of the walls were standing; the fourth was only knee-high. There were piles of rubble everywhere. A light flared by Elenaââ¬â¢s cheek, and she turned, startled, to see Tyler holding a lighter. He grinned, showing strong white teeth, and said, ââ¬Å"Want to flick my Bic?â⬠Elenaââ¬â¢s laughter was the loudest, to cover her uneasiness. She took the lighter, using it to illuminate the tomb in the side of the church. It was like no other tomb in the cemetery, although her father said heââ¬â¢d seen similar things in England. It looked like a large stone box, big enough for two people, with two marble statues lying in repose on the lid. ââ¬Å"Thomas Keeping Fell and Honoria Fell,â⬠said Tyler with a grand gesture, as if introducing them. ââ¬Å"Old Thomas allegedly founded Fellââ¬â¢s Church. Although actually the Smallwoods were also there at the time. My great-grandfatherââ¬â¢s great-great-grandfather lived in the valley by Drowning Creek-â⬠ââ¬Å"-until he got eaten by wolves,â⬠said Dick, and he threw back his head in a wolf imitation. Then he belched. Vickie giggled. Annoyance crossed Tylerââ¬â¢s handsome features, but he forced a smile. ââ¬Å"Thomas and Honoria are looking kind of pale,â⬠said Vickie, still giggling. ââ¬Å"I think what they need is a little color.â⬠She produced a lipstick from her purse and began to coat the white marble mouth of the womanââ¬â¢s statue with waxy scarlet. Elena felt another sick twinge. As a child, sheââ¬â¢d always been awed by the pale lady and the grave man who lay with their eyes closed, hands folded on their breasts. And, after her parents died, sheââ¬â¢d thought of them as lying side by side like this down in the cemetery. But she held the lighter while the other girl put a lipstick mustache and clownââ¬â¢s nose on Thomas Fell. Tyler was watching them. ââ¬Å"Hey, theyââ¬â¢re all dressed up with no place to go.â⬠He put his hands on the edge of the stone lid and leaned on it, trying to shift it sideways. ââ¬Å"What do you say, Dick-want to give them a night out on the town? Like maybe right in the center of town?â⬠No, thought Elena, appalled, as Dick guffawed and Vickie shrieked with laughter. But Dick was already beside Tyler, getting braced and ready, the heels of his hands on the stone lid. ââ¬Å"On three,â⬠said Tyler, and counted, ââ¬Å"One, two,three .â⬠Elenaââ¬â¢s eyes were fixed on the horrible clown-like face of Thomas Fell as the boys strained forward and grunted, muscles bunching under cloth. They couldnââ¬â¢t budge the lid an inch. ââ¬Å"Damn thing must be attached somehow,â⬠said Tyler angrily, turning away. Elena felt weak with relief. Trying to seem casual, she leaned against the stone lid of the tomb for support-and that was when it happened. She heard the grinding of stone and felt the lid shift under her left hand all at once. You read "The Vampire Diaries: The Awakening Chapter Seven" in category "Essay examples" It was moving away from her, making her lose her balance. The lighter went flying, and she screamed and screamed again, trying to keep her feet. She was falling into the open tomb, and an icy wind roared all around her. Screams rang in her ears. And then she was outside and the moonlight was bright enough that she could see the others. Tyler had hold of her. She stared around her wildly. ââ¬Å"Are you crazy? What happened?â⬠Tyler was shaking her. ââ¬Å"It moved! The lid moved! It slid open and-I donââ¬â¢t know-I almost fell in. It was coldâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ The boys were laughing. ââ¬Å"Poor babyââ¬â¢s got the jitters,â⬠Tyler said. ââ¬Å"Cââ¬â¢mon, Dicky-boy, weââ¬â¢ll check it out.â⬠ââ¬Å"Tyler, no-ââ¬Å" But they went inside anyway. Vickie hung in the doorway, watching, while Elena shivered. Presently, Tyler beckoned her from the door. ââ¬Å"Look,â⬠he said when she reluctantly stepped back inside. Heââ¬â¢d retrieved the lighter, and he held it above Thomas Fellââ¬â¢s marble chest. ââ¬Å"It still fits, snug as a bug in a rug. See?â⬠Elena stared down at the perfect alignment of lid and tomb. ââ¬Å"It did move. I nearly fell into itâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ââ¬Å"Sure, whatever you say, baby.â⬠Tyler wound his arms around her, clasping her to him backwards. She looked over to see Dick and Vickie in much the same position, except that Vickie, eyes shut, was looking as if she enjoyed it. Tyler rubbed a strong chin over her hair. ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢d like to go back to the dance now,â⬠she said flatly. There was a pause in the rubbing. Then Tyler sighed and said, ââ¬Å"Sure, baby.â⬠He looked at Dick and Vickie. ââ¬Å"What about you two?â⬠Dick grinned. ââ¬Å"Weââ¬â¢ll just stay here a while.â⬠Vickie giggled, her eyes still shut. ââ¬Å"Okay.â⬠Elena wondered how they were going to get back, but she allowed Tyler to lead her out. Once outside, however, he paused. ââ¬Å"I canââ¬â¢t let you go without one look at my grandfatherââ¬â¢s headstone,â⬠he said. ââ¬Å"Aw, cââ¬â¢mon, Elena,â⬠he said as she started to protest, ââ¬Å"donââ¬â¢t hurt my feelings. Youââ¬â¢ve got to see it; itââ¬â¢s the family pride and joy.â⬠Elena made herself smile, although her stomach felt like ice. Maybe if she humored him, he would get her out of here. ââ¬Å"All right,â⬠she said, and started toward the cemetery. ââ¬Å"Not that way. This way.â⬠And the next moment, he was leading her down toward the old graveyard. ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s okay, honest, itââ¬â¢s not far off the path. Look, there, you see?â⬠He pointed to something that shone in the moonlight. Elena gasped, muscles tightening around her heart. It looked like a person standing there, a giant with a round hairless head. And she didnââ¬â¢t like being here at all, among the worn and leaning granite stones of centuries past. The bright moonlight cast strange shadows, and there were pools of impenetrable darkness everywhere. ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s just the ball on top. Nothing to be scared of,â⬠said Tyler, pulling her with him off the path and up to the shining headstone. It was made of red marble, and the huge ball that surmounted it reminded her of the bloated moon on the horizon. Now that same moon shone down on them, as white as Thomas Fellââ¬â¢s white hands. Elena couldnââ¬â¢t contain her shivering. ââ¬Å"Poor baby, sheââ¬â¢s cold. Got to get her warned up,â⬠said Tyler. Elena tried to push him away, but he was too strong, wrapping her in his arms, pulling her against him. ââ¬Å"Tyler, I want to go; I want to go rightnow . â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ââ¬Å"Sure, baby, weââ¬â¢ll go,â⬠he said. ââ¬Å"But weââ¬â¢ve got to get you warm first. Gosh, youââ¬â¢re cold.â⬠â⬠Tyler, stop,â⬠she said. His arms around her had merely been annoying, restricting, but now with a sense of shock she felt his hands on her body, groping for bare skin. Never in her life had Elena been in a situation like this, far away from any help. She aimed a spiked heel for his patent-leather instep, but he evaded her. ââ¬Å"Tyler,take your hands off me .â⬠ââ¬Å"Cââ¬â¢mon, Elena, donââ¬â¢t be like that, I just want to warm you up all overâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ââ¬Å"Tyler, let go,â⬠she choked out. She tried to wrench herself away from him. Tyler stumbled, and then his full weight was on her, crushing her into the tangle of ivy and weeds on the ground. Elena spoke desperately. ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ll kill you, Tyler. I mean it.Get off me .â⬠Tyler tried to roll off, giggling suddenly, his limbs heavy and uncoordinated, almost useless. ââ¬Å"Aw, cââ¬â¢mon, Elena, donââ¬â¢ be mad. I was jusââ¬â¢ warminââ¬â¢ you up. Elena the Ice Princess, warminââ¬â¢ upâ⬠¦ Youââ¬â¢re gettinââ¬â¢ warm now, arenââ¬â¢ you?â⬠Then Elena felt his mouth hot andwet on her face. She was still pinned beneath him, and his sloppy kisses were moving down her throat. She heard cloth tear. ââ¬Å"Oops,â⬠Tyler mumbled. ââ¬Å"Sorry ââ¬â¢bout that.â⬠Elena twisted her head, and her mouth met Tylerââ¬â¢s hand, clumsily caressing her cheek. She bit it, sinking her teeth into the fleshy palm. She bithard , tasting blood, hearing Tylerââ¬â¢s agonized yowl. The hand jerked away. ââ¬Å"Hey! I said I was sorry!â⬠Tyler looked aggrievedly at his maimed hand. Then his face darkened, as, still staring at it, he clenched the hand into a fist. This is it, Elena thought with nightmare calmness. Heââ¬â¢s either going to knock me out or kill me. She braced herself for the blow. Stefan had resisted coming into the cemetery; everything within him had cried out against it. The last time heââ¬â¢d been here had been the night of the old man. Horror shifted through his gut again at the memory. He would have sworn that he had not drained the man under the bridge, that he had not taken enough blood to do harm. But everything that night after the surge of Power was muddled, confused. If therehad been a surge of Power at all. Perhaps that had been his own imagination, or even his own doing. Strange things could happen when the need got out of control. He shut his eyes. When heââ¬â¢d heard that the old man was hospitalized, near death, his shock had been beyond words. Howcould he have let himself get so far out of hand? To kill, almost, when he had not killed sinceâ⬠¦ He wouldnââ¬â¢t let himself think about that. Now, standing in front of the cemetery gate in the midnight darkness, he wanted nothing so much as to turn around and go away. Go back to the dance where heââ¬â¢d left Caroline, that supple, sun-bronzed creature who was absolutely safe because she meant absolutely nothing to him. But he couldnââ¬â¢t go back, because Elena was in the cemetery. He could sense her, and sense her rising distress. Elena was in the cemetery and in trouble, and he had to find her. He was halfway up the hill when the dizziness hit. It sent him reeling, struggling on toward the church because it was the only thing he could keep in focus. Gray waves of fog swept through his brain, and he fought to keep moving. Weak, he felt so weak. And helpless against the sheer power of this vertigo. He neededâ⬠¦ to go to Elena. But he was weak. He couldnââ¬â¢t beâ⬠¦ weakâ⬠¦ if he were to help Elena. He neededâ⬠¦ toâ⬠¦ The church door yawned before him. Elena saw the moon over Tylerââ¬â¢s left shoulder. It was strangely fitting that it would be the last thing she ever saw, she thought. The scream had caught in her throat, choked off by fear. And then something picked Tyler up and threw him against his grandfatherââ¬â¢s headstone. That was what it looked like to Elena. She rolled to the side, gasping, one hand clutching her torn dress, the other groping for a weapon. She didnââ¬â¢t need one. Something moved in the darkness, and she saw the person who had plucked Tyler off her. Stefan Salvatore. But it was a Stefan she had never seen before: that fine-featured face was white and cold with fury, and there was a killing light in those green eyes. Without even moving, Stefan emanated such anger and menace that Elena found herself more frightened of him than she had been of Tyler. ââ¬Å"When I first met you, I knew youââ¬â¢d never learned any manners,â⬠said Stefan. His voice was soft and cold and light, and somehow it made Elena dizzy. She couldnââ¬â¢t take her eyes off him as he moved toward Tyler, who was shaking his head dazedly and starting to get up. Stefan moved like a dancer, every movement easy and precisely controlled. ââ¬Å"But I had no idea that your character was quite so underdeveloped.â⬠He hit Tyler. The larger boy had been reaching out one beefy hand, and Stefan hit him almost negligently on the side of the face, before the hand made contact. Tyler flew against another headstone. He scrambled up and stood panting, his eyes showing white. Elena saw a trickle of blood from his nose. Then he charged. ââ¬Å"A gentleman doesnââ¬â¢t force his company on anyone,â⬠said Stefan, and knocked him aside. Tyler went sprawling again, facedown in the weeds and briars. This time he was slower in getting up, and blood flowed from both nostrils and from his mouth. He was blowing like a frightened horse as he threw himself at Stefan. Stefan grabbed the front of Tylerââ¬â¢s jacket, whirling them both around and absorbing the impact of the murderous rush. He shook Tyler twice, hard, while those big beefy fists windmilled around him, unable to connect. Then he let Tyler drop. ââ¬Å"He doesnââ¬â¢t insult a woman,â⬠he said. Tylerââ¬â¢s face was contorted, his eyes rolling, but he grabbed for Stefanââ¬â¢s leg. Stefan jerked him to his feet and shook him again, and Tyler went limp as a rag doll, his eyes rolling up. Stefan went on speaking, holding the heavy body upright and punctuating every word with a bone-wrenching shake. ââ¬Å"And, above all, he doesnot hurt herâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ââ¬Å"Stefan!â⬠Elena cried. Tylerââ¬â¢s head was snapping back and forth with every shake. She was frightened of what she was seeing; frightened of what Stefan might do. And frightened above all else of Stefanââ¬â¢s voice, that cold voice that was like a rapier dancing, beautiful and deadly and utterly merciless. ââ¬Å"Stefan,stop .â⬠His head jerked toward her, startled, as if he had forgotten her presence. For a moment he looked at her without recognition, his eyes black in the moonlight, and she thought of some predator, some great bird or sleek carnivore incapable of human emotion. Then understanding came to his face and some of the darkness faded from his gaze. He looked down at Tylerââ¬â¢s lolling head, then set him gently against the red marble tombstone. Tylerââ¬â¢s knees buckled and he slid down the face of it, but to Elenaââ¬â¢s relief his eyes opened-or at least the left one did. The right was swelling to a slit. ââ¬Å"Heââ¬â¢ll be all right,â⬠said Stefan emptily. As her fear ebbed, Elena felt empty herself. Shock, she thought. Iââ¬â¢m in shock. Iââ¬â¢ll probably start screaming hysterically any minute now. ââ¬Å"Is there someone to take you home?â⬠said Stefan, still in that chillingly deadened voice. Elena thought of Dick and Vickie, doing God knew what beside Thomas Fellââ¬â¢s statue. ââ¬Å"No,â⬠she said. Her mind was beginning to work again, to take notice of things around her. The violet dress was ripped all the way down the front; it was ruined. Mechanically, she pulled it together over her slip. ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ll drive you,â⬠said Stefan. Even through the numbness, Elena felt a quick thrill of fear. She looked at him, a strangely elegant figure among the tombstones, his face pale in the moonlight. He had never looked soâ⬠¦ sobeautiful to her before, but that beauty was almost alien. Not just foreign, but inhuman, because no human could project that aura of power, or of distance. ââ¬Å"Thank you. That would be very kind,â⬠she said slowly. There was nothing else to do. They left Tyler painfully getting to his feet by his ancestorââ¬â¢s headstone. Elena felt another chill as they reached the path and Stefan turned toward Wickery Bridge. ââ¬Å"I left my car at the boarding house,â⬠he said. ââ¬Å"This is the fastest way for us to get back.â⬠ââ¬Å"Is this the way you came?â⬠ââ¬Å"No. I didnââ¬â¢t cross the bridge. But itââ¬â¢ll be safe.â⬠Elena believed him. Pale and silent, he walked beside her without touching, except when he took off his blazer to put it around her bare shoulders. She felt oddly sure he would kill anything that tried to get at her. Wickery Bridge was white in the moonlight, and under it the icy waters swirled over ancient rocks. The whole world was still and beautiful and cold as they walked through the oak trees to the narrow country road. They passed fenced pastures and dark fields until they reached a long winding drive. The boarding house was a vast building of rust-red brick made from the native clay, and it was flanked with age-old cedars and maples. All but one of the windows were dark. Stefan unlocked one of the double doors and they stepped into a small hallway, with a flight of stairs directly in front of them. The banister, like the doors, was natural light oak so polished that it seemed to glow. They went up the stairs to a second-story landing that was poorly lit. To Elenaââ¬â¢s surprise, Stefan led her into one of the bedrooms and opened what looked like a closet door. Through it she could see a very steep, very narrow stairway. What a strange place, she thought. This hidden stairway buried deep in the heart of the house, where no sound from outside could penetrate. She reached the top of the stairs and stepped out into a large room that made up the whole third story of the house. It was almost as dimly lit as the stairway, but Elena could see the stained wood floor and the exposed beams in the slanting ceiling. There were tall windows on all sides, and many trunks scattered among a few pieces of massive furniture. She realized he was watching her. ââ¬Å"Is there a bathroom where I-?â⬠He nodded toward a door. She took off the blazer, held it toward him without looking at him, and went inside. How to cite The Vampire Diaries: The Awakening Chapter Seven, Essay examples Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-10243711566274796372019-12-07T10:15:00.001-08:002019-12-07T10:15:03.842-08:00Business Virtual Marketing Strategy Samples â⬠MyAssignmenthelp.com Question: Discuss about the Business Virtual Marketing Strategy. Answer: Introduction Virtual marketing is very common in the business world in the recent years. However, virtual marketing is an example of the modern technology that enables the investors to maximize their business performance (Okahashi et al. 2013). Search engine positioning, website indexation, online advertisement, social media marketing and content development are the major parts of the virtual marketing. Social networking devices are used rapidly in the virtual marketing to meet the business objectives. In order to implement new changes in a business virtual marketing strategy is developed. Internet marketing is the core area of the virtual marketing that is applied by the organization to advertise their products and to deliver messages in the public domain. This current study deals with the effect of virtual marketing on the business performance and the potential factors of virtual marketing will be critically addressed in the literature review section. Project objectives Establishment of the project objectives is crucial to carry out the whole project In order to get desired outcomes development of specific objectives are necessary to carry out a research (Yoo et al. 2015). To understand the changing demand of the customers over the time To critically evaluate the impact of the virtual marketing strategies on the business performance of the organization in near future To critically evaluate the effect of the virtual marketing strategies in the improvement of the entire industry. Scope of the Project This project aims to carry out an in-depth analysis of the virtual marketing and its impact on the business industry. This project will be helpful to understand the significance of the virtual marketing in business performance. Therefore, challenges regarding the virtual marketing will be addressed through this project. Improvement of the existing knowledge regarding any topic can be done through analysis of a research project (Iqbal and Ali 2014). This present project focuses on the changing demands of the customers. Hence, virtual marketing is beneficial to meet the current needs of the consumers by taking online feedbacks from them. On the other hand, the business industries will be able to gain knowledge about the virtual marketing strategy and its importance in business. This project also gives an overview of the effectiveness of the virtual marketing on the future development of the business organization. However, rapid application of the virtual marketing in various industries is a common trend in the recent years (Lau et al. 2014). Hence, this research project will be helpful for the business owner to increase their knowledge about the application of virtual marketing based on the customer demand. Literature review Virtual stores are generally developed in the high traffic areas like bus stand, markets and the places where consumers gather for their daily work (). Tesco is a well-known retail sector that established their virtual store in Seoul that is the busiest station. Due to the popular business, Tesco can easily increase the number of customers, on the other hand, virtual stores easily attract the customers towards Tesco's business Yoo et al. 2015. Products those are displayed in the virtual store are not the actual product. However, the poster is designed based on the pattern of the actual product. Customers scan the product in the virtual store and the product is added to the basket of the internet server. Hence, when the payment is done a notification is sent by the home plus app to the delivery executives and they deliver the product to the right place at right time. According to the statistics, Tesco has increased 130% of its sale through the online marketing. Themanagement of any business organization needs to understand the current requirement of the consumers while using the virtual marketing to increase their sales (Lau et al. 2014). As for example, Tesco needs to identify the appropriate technology and strategy of the virtual marketing. Due to routine bound life and hectic working schedule, the customers are not able to give proper time to their shopping. However, virtual marketing or online marketing allows customers to spend quality time in their shopping by observing different products on different shopping websites. They do not need to go shop and their transportation cost is also saved. On the other hand, the physical stores are opened for a limited time while through the virtual marketing customers are able to get 24 hours service for their shopping. Tele-presence experience is a part of the virtual technology and organizations use such technology as the virtual marketing strategy. In comparison to other communication techniques, virtual communication technologies are more advanced in nature (Esposito and Evangelista 2014). However, other communication techniques include e-mail, text message and telephonic message while virtual communication expands the marketing activities of business organizations and purchasing behavior of the customers for a particular product or service. In order to maximize virtual communication in the customer's domain smart phones, the internet is used rapidly. Many apps are installed in the smart phones through which consumers access virtual communication properly. Such advanced apps enable consumers to maximize their shopping activities from any place and anytime. This current study focuses on the relationship between two consumers and relationship between an organization and the consumers in the contex t of the online marketing or virtual marketing. Development of the virtual environment in an organization enables them to understand 2D and 3D concepts in order to develop a materialistic and geometric display of their products (Chen et al. 2013). However, product display is an important part of the virtual marketing as attractive display easily gains customer attention. However, it is important for the organization to develop virtual objectives to identify the interaction style of the customers with such virtual objectives. TV computers and web cam are the examples of virtual objectives. Such objectives allow consumers to get a better shopping experience. On the other for the virtual marketing, it is crucial for the organization to personalize the virtual technology. However, virtual technology serves as an assistant of shopping for the consumers. Such virtual technology gives in-depth information regarding the product or service of an organization to the customers according to their choice (Mata and Quesada 2014). Apart from thi s spatial interaction is important to control and monitor the strategies of virtual marketing in an organization. Virtual community plays an important role in virtual marketing. However, the virtual community can be referred as the typical group of consumers having common choice and purchasing behavior (Chaffey et al. 2013). Different virtual media generate such virtual community and contemporary groups are the suitable example of the virtual community. According to the research, virtual community influences strategies of virtual marketing. On the other hand, the trustworthiness of virtual community is associated with identifying the problems regarding online information and other policies of virtual marketing in an organization. Social structure and model plays an important role in influencing the virtual community to change their purchasing behavior towards a product or service in the context of virtual marketing (Turban et al. 2015). However, each consumer belongs to a specific group and specific culture in a society. Through the virtual communities, choice of such specific group can be determined on a social networking site. Such virtual communities and loyal customers can act as the effective tool for virtual marketing in the context of any organization. It is important for any business to make a comparison between the virtual shopping and the real world shopping as for example, Tesco has both virtual marketing and real-world shopping thus they can identify the differences if such two marketing (Rix et al. 2016). Virtual shopping highlights a relationship between the consumer choice and the technological advancement, which maximizes the effectiveness of virtual marketing. Literature problem This current literature highlights on the different aspects of the virtual marketing and its application in business. However, there is less account of the factors of virtual marketing that influence the organization to adopt virtual marketing. However, it is important for a research to exhibit the factors that are associated with the virtual marketing (Creswell and Poth 2017). This current literature has provided the information about the Virtual marketing while there is no clear account of the factors of virtual marketing. On the other hand, it is important to give a clear account on the purpose of the literature review and it should not be just the summary of the knowledge about the topic. However, it is important to give a detail justification of the current knowledge regarding the topic (Litosseliti 2017). In the present literature, review there is less account of arguments, as a result, this section is not being sufficiently critical in nature. A literature review refers to the original contribution of the knowledge of human being. In the previous literature, the researcher has demonstrated the facts in a simple way that seems like the repetition of the previous findings. Hence, this current literature review needs more evaluation that is critical to the virtual marketing in business context. Gaps opportunity This current literature review focuses on the virtual marketing and its impact on the various business sectors. However, in the first section of the literature review, it has been found that the virtual marketing is a cost-effective process that enhances the business. There is a good relationship between the consumers and the virtual technology. In this study, instrumental relationship with the virtual technology and the consumers are briefly discussed. Apart from this, a gap is developed based on the different viewpoints of the authors in this section. Based on this further research can proceed. However, there is less account of the factors of virtual marketing that makes a gap in the literature review section according to which the further study will be conducted. Hypothesis Hypothesis 1: The virtual marketing is beneficial for the business industry Hypothesis 2: The virtual marketing is not beneficial for the business industry Research Questions Primary Questions What are the impacts of virtual marketing strategies on the organizational performance? Secondary Questions What is the effect of virtual marketing on the improvement of the entire business industry? What are the changing demands of consumers over the time? Research design and methodology Qualitative research method Qualitative research methodology includes positivism philosophy, deductive approach and descriptive research design method. Reliability and validity Reliability and validity is a great part of the research methodology that needs to be considered during the data collection (Brannen 2017). In this research, it is important to make the information confidential that is collected through the qualitative method. According to the Data Protection Act 1998, no personal question should be asked to the participants. Validity refers to the validity of the information, which is collected through qualitative method. Sampling techniques Sampling technique is an important part of the research methodology as based on it the data has been collected (Levitt et al. 2017). Probability and non-probability are the two types of sampling methods. Probability method has been used as the sampling technique in the data collection method. Sample size In this qualitative method, 5 managers from different MNC are selected for the interview. However, perceptions of such managers over the virtual marketing are gathered through the interview process. Data collection method In the qualitative research, methodology data has been collected through the interview process. However, this is an old and reliable method to gather data from the concerned persons. Hence, in this qualitative process interview is a good method to t reliable data regarding the virtual marketing strategies and its impact on the business industry. Variable Specifications This current research has two variables one is dependent and other is independent. However, this study highlights the impact of virtual marketing strategies on the future development of the business organization. Hence, virtual marketing strategy is the independent variable and development of the organization is the dependent variable. Quantitative Research Research design Quantitative research methodology includes positivism philosophy as this research philosophy highlights on the factual knowledge (Jagdale et al. 2017). The deductive approach has been selected in the quantitative methodology. Therefore, the descriptive design has been selected in this quantitative research. However, the descriptive design includes various aspects of a selected phenomenon. However, a descriptive research design focuses on the issues related to the collection of data. Therefore, this design allows the researcher to describe the situation in a proper way. Hence, the descriptive design is associated with the explaining, describing and validating the findings of the research. Research instrument In this quantitative research, the questionnaires are considered as the research instrument. However, the questionnaire is a good practice in the research as it enables a researcher to get valid data from a huge population or some concerned persons (Hammerschmid 2017). In this quantitative research, the survey has been conducted. Analysis of quantitative data Quantitative data analysis includes data that is collected from the survey of a large population. However, in this study quantitative data is analyzed through using tables, charts, and graphs. The graphical representation is a vital part of qualitative data analysis. Sampling and sample size Probability method has been selected as the sampling technique. Therefore, 20 employees from two different MNC are selected for the conducting the survey. Design of survey question Well-structured questions are designed to conduct the survey. However, no personal questions can be asked during the survey that may affect the sentiment of the participants. Validity and reliability of the collected data It is important to collect valid data from the quantitative data collection method. However, participants may give diplomatic answers that affect the reliability of the collected data. Therefore, the collected data should be valid otherwise; it will affect the research method. Research limitations Time constraint is one of the major areas of research limitation (Lage and Ancutiene, 2017). However, due to lack of proper time the researcher was not able to collect the data in a proper way. Therefore, the information that is collected for the secondary analysis in the literature review section is hard to access. Some journals are not valid and these are excluded. Some financial barriers also affect the research study. Some journals are paid versions that are too difficult to access for the researcher. Therefore, some journals are not published in the recent years, as a result, these are discarded by the researcher. Time schedule Figure 1: Gantt chart (Source: Researcher) Conclusion The above study is associated with the use of virtual marketing and its impact on the future development of the business sectors. However, it has been received that virtual marketing is a common trend in the recent years and many companies use it to develop their business. In the present day, the business is technology oriented for this reason the traditional marketing is replaced by the virtual marketing in order to gain the competitive advantages and the enhance the sales revenue generation. Therefore, virtual marketing is the present and future aim of a business to meet their business objectives. In order to provide 24 hours service to the customers virtual marketing is an essential tool. On the other hand, virtual marketing builds a good relationship between the customers and the organization by developing and effective communication through the internet. References Brannen, J. ed., 2017.Mixing methods: Qualitative and quantitative research. Routledge. Chaffey, D., Smith, P.R. and Smith, P.R., 2013.eMarketing eXcellence: Planning and optimizing your digital marketing. Routledge. Chen, G.L., Yang, S.C. and Tang, S.M., 2013. Sense of virtual community and knowledge contribution in a P3 virtual community: Motivation and experience.Internet Research,23(1), pp.4-26. Creswell, J.W. and Poth, C.N., 2017.Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications. Esposito, E. and Evangelista, P., 2014. Investigating virtual enterprise models: literature review and empirical findings.International Journal of Production Economics,management 148, pp.145-157. Fox, Nick J., and Pam Alldred. "Mixed methods, materialism and the micropolitics of the research-assemblage."International Journal of Social Research Methodology(2017): 1-14. Hammerschmid, S., 2017, September. Chances for Virtual and Augmented Reality Along the Value Chain. InEuropean Conference on Software Process Improvement(pp. 352-359). Springer, Cham. Iqbal, M.A. and Ali, F.M., Ebay Inc., 2014.Shipping option selection based on virtual shopping cart conversion data. U.S. Patent Application 14/586,752. Jagdale, S.C., Hude, R.U. and Chabukswar, A.R., 2017. Research Methodology. InEncyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition(pp. 6767-6778). IGI Global. Lage, A. and Ancutiene, K., 2017. Virtual try-on technologies in the clothing industry. Part 1: investigation of distance ease between body and garment.The Journal of The Textile Institute, pp.1-7. Lau, K.W., Lee, P.Y. and Lau, H.F., 2014. Shopping experience 2.0: An exploration of how consumers are shopping in an immersive virtual reality.Advances in Economics and Business,2(2), pp.92-99. Levitt, H.M., Motulsky, S.L., Wertz, F.J., Morrow, S.L. and Ponterotto, J.G., 2017. Recommendations for designing and reviewing qualitative research in psychology: Promoting methodological integrity.Qualitative Psychology,4(1), p.2. Litosseliti, L., 2017.Research methods in linguistics. Bloomsbury Publishing. Mata, F.J. and Quesada, A., 2014. Web 2.0, social networks and e-commerce as marketing tools.Journal of theoretical and applied electronic commerce research,9(1), pp.56-69. Okahashi, S., Seki, K., Nagano, A., Luo, Z., Kojima, M. and Futaki, T., 2013. A virtual shopping test for realistic assessment of cognitive function.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation,10(1), p.59. Rix, J., Haas, S. and Teixeira, J. eds., 2016.Virtual prototyping: Virtual environments and the product design process. Springer. Turban, E., King, D., Lee, J.K., Liang, T.P. and Turban, D.C., 2015.Electronic commerce: A managerial and social networks perspective. Springer. Yoo, S.C., Pea, J.F. and Drumwright, M.E., 2015. Virtual shopping and unconscious persuasion: The priming effects of avatar age and consumers age discrimination on purchasing and prosocial behaviors.Computers in Human Behavior,48, pp.62-71. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-8587315503265171212019-11-29T21:56:00.001-08:002019-11-29T21:56:03.474-08:00Women in Russian History an Example of the Topic Literature Essays byWomen in Russian History Natalia Pushkarevas book` women in Russian History: from the Tenth to the Twentieth Century entails a clear and extensive scrutiny at the series of events involving women that unfolded in the period between the two centuries. This chronological account looks at the diversified average and extraordinary history of women in Russia. The writer dwells on topics touching diplomatic activities, poor and unmarried women in Russian villages, dental problems and their rights own property. Need essay sample on "Women in Russian History" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Pushkareva uniqueness has seen her highlight womens private lives. A woman in Russian history defines their accomplishments family life, everyday tasks, routines and exploitation. It also reveals that the ideal perception widely spread over the country about women is not completely the reality. The four chapter write covers women in politics, academics, culture and revolutionary groups showing the changes experienced in these fields respectively. Although its all about women, nobility and the peasant population takes the highest percentage in terms of coverage. Further attention on merchants and urban employees is emphasized looking at their struggles steps and goals achieved towards good living standards. Workers in Russia have been facing problems in working conditions and pay rates; women especially have a tendency of exploitation which seems contrary to the insights provided by law. A womans life is hence not as easy as it seems in Russia because, they engage in economical as well as family orientated activities; with others acting as sole bread winners in some family settings. Clerics in Russia have for a long time side lined women and their rights, viewing them as inferior; this in turn has caused rifts in their social interaction and relationships. A majority as a result dislike or rather despises them and their family members; especially wives and daughters no wonder Natalia too did not focus on the latter. Since earlier times, women in Russia rights to education were not fully accomplished, so, a large number of them do not possess even basic knowledge leading to high levels of illiteracy in women population. It is also evident that only wealthy families had access to these institutions and as a result peasants had little or nothing to do about it. Due to this reason surprisingly, daughters borne of Russian merchants are viewed as unintelligent, idlers and educationally uninterested. The reason is not unhappiness with schooling or the strictness, personal choice or parental decision, NO; its because, during the earlier centuries, Russian universities banned female examiners and courses for the women fraternity. With activism for reforms in the sector, changes later on saw their consideration. The pursuits therefore, clear any doubt on female interest in education. Natalias work caters for the criticism and stereotyping on Russian women especially by Western peoples. This lot seems to believe that women in the region are in a piteous position basing reasons on lack of independence and self-reliance. Critics on Russian women feel that little has been done on women, in terms of rights and health but Pushkareva has countered these opinions candidly and completely. In turn she acknowledges the fact that although women have dental problems, only the elderly suffer most consequences due to unawareness during their times on how to handle such cases. Russia women today are conversant with every aspect of dental health with their enrollment in medical courses increasing. It is also evident that women in Russia were empowered in their societies, although changes are taking a new shape, from the period of Kievan Rus to the scrambling of the Soviet Union: as key role players than they have ever been in the conventional opinions or allocated for in the cons titution. Women as mothers and family care-takers continue to triumph in other fields that men have excelled even after their denial on equality. Russian politics are seeing women involvement actively, although there stand a split on media coverage, good number hit headlines every other day. Unfortunately, success has not been achieved in getting rid of false beliefs and the bleak lifestyles about Russian women. Many captivating aspects on life struggles by these women have been witnessed; from single-mother family settings, academic Excellency to political association. Russian religious institutions especially the Orthodox Church, in conjunction with the peasant culture and traditions; have increased vigilance in their efforts that try to hamper or rather seem limiting women involvement in the community. The book has a context of achievements in ordinary and widespread goals and in particular the rights to acquire and own property and in judicial policies. Although loopholes in several issues appear mostly in the assessment of Russian women in the twentieth century, considerable work is realizable in the depiction and execution of pre-Moscovite period of the Russian history. Parental responsibility by women is quite openly expressed; affectionate is the terminology used in its definition. Similarly, the interdependence and mutuality tabled in most privately owned publications in real sense minimally relates or even tries to confirm the warnings on women demeanor, the strategies and the recommendation for their willingness to obey their spouses. A reason given by critiques, for most women unluckiness to have marriage proposals: This in the wake of events, a noticeable population still unwed or single. Majority believe and accord Natalias description on women in Russia, thumbs up. Inde ed, its a comprehensive account of the way things have been and are for the female population in Russia. REFERENCES Natalia Pushkareva. Women in Russian History: From the Tenth to the Twentieth Century: M.E. Sharpe, 1997. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-65311633242591412042019-11-25T21:11:00.001-08:002019-11-25T21:11:03.974-08:00Music definition Essay ExampleMusic definition Essay Example Music definition Essay Music definition Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: Music definition Sound is the sensation that is conceived by our ears. Sound is produced where a medium is disturbed leading to the movement and collision of the molecules of that medium (Robertson and Diskin, 2003). Sound occurs when the molecules travel in waveform causing vibrations as the molecules collide. For music to occur there must be production of sound. Humans produce sound in the larynx found in the human throat. This is possible due to the two stretches of tissue across the larynx called the vocal cords. They leave a small opening between them through which air passes through. On speech, larynx muscles tighten hence leading to variations in the pitch of an individualââ¬â¢s voice depending on the tightness of the cords (Robertson and Diskin, 2003). Sound can also be produced by musical instruments, which can lead to the production of a wide range of sounds. Music instruments can be categorized as percussions, i.e. those that need to be hit in order to produce sound e.g. drums. String instruments are another category that produces sound when they are plucked with the pitch being dependent on the thickness and length of the string examples being violins or guitars. Another category is wind instruments that produce music when the column of air inside the instrument vibrates, for example, in trumpets. Sound may be defined as noise when it is unpleasant or annoying to the listener. Music is the art of expression of ideas and emotions through the combination of vocal and/or instrumental sounds producing rhythmic and harmonious compositions. Music can be played through music instruments and these are devices made or adapted for the purpose of creation of rhythmic sounds. Music is also known as organized sound. Therefore, music is not a fact rather it is a meaning defined by individuals hence the definition varies from place to place. As stated earlier musical instruments may be percussions, string or wind instruments. An instrument has to serve a musical purpose and perform in production of rhythmic sound for it to qualify as a music instrument (Montagu, 2007). Music differs from normal sound as it has certain components known as elements. These include the beat and meter where beats are responsible for the rhythmic pattern of music, meter is the final rhythm produced when strong, and weak beats are grouped systematically. The number of beats in the rhythm determines meter where two beats are referred to as duple, three beats are triple and for beats are known as quadruple (FEM, 2009). Another element of music is dynamics that signify the degree of volume with the use of symbols or abbreviations. This ensures that the volume is at bearable and pleasant levels since it indicates when there is a volume change. Harmony is the third element of music that measures the relationship of the various music chords by creation of a kind of musical texture. Yet another significant element of music is the notation that is the symbols used in describing music on paper. The pitch is also an element of music that determines the lowness or highness of music. Pitch is lower where the vibration object is big or the vibration is low and vice versa. Tempo is an element that determines the speed at which music will be played from the beginning throughout. Therefore, the elements of music are what lead to the overall production of good music. Works cited Fundamental Elements of Music, SURVEY OF MUSIC. Online, 2009. Retrieved from slideshare.net/lwolberg/fundamental-elements-of-music Montagu, Jeremy. Origins and Development of Musical Instruments, The Scarecrow Press, 2007. Print. Robertson, William C., Brian Diskin, SOUND, Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, Virginia: NSTA Press, 2003. Print. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-88526556068853837932019-11-22T04:35:00.001-08:002019-11-22T04:35:03.685-08:00Metaphysics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 wordsMetaphysics - Assignment Example These things are real and anyone can vividly attest to that fact. There are however a lot of miseries that still remains uncovered, or things that can not be measured to ascertain their reality. One cannot come up with a conclusive answer as to their reality existence. This is why theories have been developed to answer these rhetorical questions. Reality Theories There are different theories that tend to describe and give meaning to the word reality. To exhaustively discuss reality, we must have an in-depth understanding of these theories and how relevant they are to our lives. These reality theories are; Reality 1; this is the summation of all things that are real. In this theory, reality is what is experienced as they are not as they are imagined or illusion. Reality 1 holds that, everything that exists in singular totality like the universe is real. Talking about the universe, one would obviously know that it is the summation of the planets, stars, space and everything else that c onstitutes this. This meaning does not cover reality exhaustively and thus the need for another reality theory which is reality 2. Reality 2 is what someone experiences out of reality 1. Every person has what he thinks or he experiences as a result of the totality of what is real. Since not even twins can have the same experience, thus reality according to this theory, is what everyone knows or believes in. it means that there are multiple realities since every person will experience something different from his friend. It is thus possible that reality in this case is divided and different among different classes of people like the poor and the rich, men and women, children and adults. Every group has its own reality. Multiple Realities is thus what a person thinks; it is thus brought about by oneââ¬â¢s consciousness. The sole thought of individuals. This is what has generated the worldââ¬â¢s illusion on history, sport, art, wars, pleasure and the like. Reality is brought abou t by the conscious mind of an individual and what he or she strongly believes in. Monism theory; this is a reality theory which talks against pluralistic or dualistic view of reality. Monism holds that, there has to be unity in any field of analysis, for example, the existence of God. Monism holds that there is one supreme Godà but he manifests himself in many ways according to different religions. à Reality according to this theory holds that for anything to be real, it must consist of an amalgamated whole thus everything that exists can be attributed or illustrated using a single model. From Monism theory it can also be concluded that there is one earth but according to different people, many have diverse understanding of what it is or what it looks like. Likewise, the matter and the mind are formed or emerge from same principle or substance. Monism is further categorized into; idealism, mentalistic monism and phenomenalism. Dualism; it holds that reality is constituted by an unchanging whole. Change for this case is considered as just a mere illusion. Dualism does not give room for any change, reality is thus unchanging and it remains to be unified as one. Reality is thus specific, there can not exists two realities at a go, something is either real or not real. Idealism; this is an epistemological theory which holds that reality is attested when the datum or an object of realization are identical. Reality is thus what is Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-30056188138071688242019-11-20T20:20:00.001-08:002019-11-20T20:20:06.435-08:00Ethics in Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1Ethics in Accounting - Essay Example AICPA principles of professional conduct AICPA principles are the guidelines that guide the conduct of members in the accounting profession. 1.Accounting professionals are expected to exercise moral judgment and professionalism in the conduct of activities. 2.Professional accountants are expected to act in a manner that ensures public interest. Accountants must be committed to professionalism and earn public honor. 3.Accountants are expected to uphold high levels of integrity to earn public interest. 4.Accountants must be show objectivity and independence when discharging responsibilities. 5.Accounting professionals must continuously enhance their competencies to improve service delivery. 6.Members are expected to adhere to professional codes of conduct when determining nature and the scope of services provided. Definition and characteristics of U.S. GAAP U.S GAAP denotes internationally recognized frameworks that guide financial accountants. The principles ensure ethics in the field of accounting. The characteristics include: 1.Financial information must be relevant in that it ought to contain information about the business. 2.Information must be reliable in such a way comparative analysis can be made. The information must also be verifiable (Duska R, Duska S, and Ragatz 33). 3.Comparability ensures that differences and similarities between events can be easily made. That is, Past and currents statements can be analyzed. 4.Financial statements must also be consistent in that they are easily understandable by the users of the statements and the preparer. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-91848156713854807442019-11-18T23:00:00.000-08:002019-11-18T23:01:00.371-08:00What are the major points of difference in Realist International EssayWhat are the major points of difference in Realist International Relations Theory - Essay Example The developments of this period acted as wake-up calls because nations started getting interested in owning resources, creating political boundaries, and ruling the world (Viotti, & Kauppi, 2012). Since then, war has been a part of life for some countries because of lack of peace with neighboring states, for example, Iran and Iraq. Other countries such as the European Union and America found peace by forming international organizations such as United Nations, which formulates the rules that govern the interaction between countries. Scholars have formulated theories to help states to determine how they should interact with others. The main theories of international relations include realism and idealism. The theory of realism has been embraced and criticized at the same time because of the contradictions in its tenets; this makes it useful to analyze the hypothesis and determine the differences in its arguments. Origin of Realism Theory The theory of realism bases its arguments on eco nomic principles, and it argues that states aim at maximizing their utility relative to others. The utility of states increases when they own more resources and power contrary to their counterparts (Rengger, 200). This means that the techniques used to acquire power and resources are not questionable, even if they are against humanity and ethics. The founders of this theory include Nicholas Spykman, Carr, and Hans Morgenthau, all who are from the European Union. Watz and Alexander Hamilton of the United States later contributed to theory. The artistic works of Thucydides and Sun Tzu that existed before the foundations of the theory were used as the basis for the formulation of its principles (Donneley, 2000). Assumptions of the Theory The hypothesis assumes that the government is the highest level of power in a country, and that the leaders of the state make rational decisions. According to Machiavelli, rational decisions are those that increase wealth and power. Therefore, national leaders do not take courses that degrade the power and resources of the state because this would be irrational. This means that the theory disregards international organizations such as the United Nations and International Monetary Fund, which may dictate the actions of the government. The independence of the actions of states means that countries interact in an anarchical system; this is where each government aims at gaining comparative advantage in the acquisition of certain resources and powers (Resende, 2007). Tenets of the Realism Theory of International Relations The principles of the theory were developed by Morgenthau after the Second World War when international relations became a popular subject. However, the ideologies that were applicable during the war included those of Carr and Machiavelli. The first principle of the theory of realism argues that states are governed by the rule of law, and that it is the regulations that manage international relationships (Mary, Rosec rance, & Steiner, 2010). This means that states that do not have laws may not find peace with others, and even those that have inefficient regulations may also fail to find peaceful international neighbors. This then depicts that countries must concentrate on the formulation of logical and efficient laws, in order for them to prosper in the international economy (Machiavelli, & Marriott, 2010). This is because a country analyzes the laws of another state when determining whether to engage in foreign relations Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-46773817879703383442019-11-16T11:32:00.001-08:002019-11-16T11:32:07.464-08:00Employee rewardEmployee reward Employee Reward Assignment The aim of this essay is to discuss the advantages and disadvantages relating to broad-banding and grading pay structures. The first part of this paper will define broad-banding and grading pay structures. It will continue including various examples of both broad-branding and grading pay structures and also discussing the benefits and drawbacks of applying both structures within an organisation. The summary of the key findings will be included at the end of this paper in conclusion. A pay structure outlines the various levels of pay for jobs or groups of job by reference to their relative internal value as recognized by job evaluation and to external relativities as recognized by market rate surveys. In Figure 1.0 is an example of a Pay-graded structure. Example of a pay graded structure is shown in fig 1.0 (Google Images) The pay structures in organisations must be suitable to the necessary characteristics and needs of the required organisation and employees to enable it to work and be successful and worthwhile. The structures should make it attainable to achieve equity, operational flexibility and continuous development, steadiness and fairness in managing employee reward. The main types of pay structures are narrow-graded, Broad banded , job family, individual job grade, pay curve, spot rate and pay spine. Broad banding is the compression of a hierarchy of pay grades or salary ranges into a small number (typically four or five) of width bands. This was first introduced in organizations in the late 1980s and early 1990s (World at work, 2002). The aim of breaking down the job clusters or levels of positions into a fewer number of width bands are to: Provide pay structures which fit flatter organisation structures, Allow processes initially created to withstand hierarchy and vertical movement to be replaced, Work upon other methods of payment that reflect a broader range of employee development and contribution, as well as increased levels of competence, skill acquisition, incessant learning, career development and flexibility, etc. Each of the bands therefore spans the pay opportunities, which beforehand were covered by several pay ranges as illustrated in figure 2.0 Figure 2.0 Example of a broad-banded structure (Armstrong, 2002). ââ¬ËBroad banding is an attractive alternative to rigid, structured, specialized and hierarchical organizations. (Aon Consultings Forum, 2002). It differs from a conventional grading system due to the greater pay range within each band and the smaller number of bands. Determining the width of the bands requires care to be taken because if a band tends to be too broad it runs the risk of giving impractical expectations to those near the bottom. In this case, some organisations have introduced bands within bands, which are known as ââ¬Ëzoning, and reason being is to contain expectations and make the structure more easily to understand and manage. The way Broad banding works is that, when job evaluation has been finalized, the artificial divisions, which normally differentiate between grades, are ignored. A group of titles such as manager, supervisor, operative, clerk are gathered into one large band. This then allows all employees in the organisation to fit into a salary structure, which may have as few as 5 broad bands as illustrated and mentioned above. Also, in Figure 3.0, is an example of a broad-banded salary structure. Figure 3.0 Example of Broad-banded salary structure (Stredwick, 2005) Adopting a broad banded structure concentrates on evaluating the individual, focusing on lateral career development and on competency growth rather than upward progression through a hierarchy. In a 1994 survey by the American Compensation Association/Hewitt Associates examined why organizations had implemented broad banding, 71% of the participants reported supporting a flatter organization and nurturing a new organizational culture, 57% mentioned the promotion of a widely skilled work force and facilitation of career development, and 55% reported minimizing administrative effort and reducing job evaluations. (Peters, 1994). Reasons as to why organizations adopt such an approach are; a de-emphasis on formal job evaluation systems can free up time for senior managers and compensation professionals to focus on critical business and people management issues. In addition to this, a broadband structure can support organizations with collaborative work styles that value process and results over control and status. (Aon Consultings Forum, 2002) Pay Expert Michael Armstrong recommends 12 steps for developing and installing a broad banded pay structure in his publication ââ¬Ë Employee Reward. A couple of examples of these steps are: ââ¬Ë Reach an agreement that it is the most appropriate pay structure for progression. ââ¬ËDecide on the width of bands, the degree of overlap (if any), the anchor points and pay zones. (LGE) Broad banded are most likely to be introduced to organisations, which are flexible, who do not operate with extended hierarchies and believe in continuous development. Broad banding continues to be an approach that has a great interest to managers seeking to enhance organisational performance. During the 1990s the number of companies implementing broad banding continued to increase from 10% of firms surveyed in 1993 to 23% in 1999. (HR Focus, 2000). Broad banding started out in the USA. William Mercer carried out a study in 1997. One of the outcomes of the study was that of approx. 3000 US organisations it was found that close to 45% had either installed the broad banding approach or were considering to do so. (Armstrong, 2002) Looking at the percentage, it is quite a large amount of organisations, which make broad banding look more attractive to other organisations that may be unsure about adopting this approach. Broad banding started of slow in the UK but research carried by Watson Wyatt in 1996 showed that 20 per cent of the 346 firms surveyed had introduced the system. More than half of the remaining firms planned to introduce it in their organisations. (Armstrong, 2002) Since then, there has been a considerable increase in the number of organisations with broad bands. The CIPD 1999/2000 survey of 193 organisations (Armstrong and Brown, 2001) found that 60 per cent of them had broad banded structures with five or fewer bands. Broad banding has become the most popular approach to the design of pay structures. In broad bands, pay is managed more flexibly than in a conventional graded structure and great is paid to market relativities. There are many advantages of adopting a broad banded structure as there are fewer number of bands which makes it easier to manage and an organisation operating with a small number of bands is able to address communication issues more effectively because it grades far more employees within the same pay category, greater width of bands, greater overlap between bands which means continuous development without being upgraded. Although broad banding has come to the force, graded pay structures remain the most standard types in the private sector, however broad banded structures are replacing traditional graded structures. ââ¬Ë In a broadband structure, the range of pay in a band is significantly higher than in a conventional graded structure. The band width may be as much as 100 per cent or even more, and there may be only four or five bands in the structure (Perret, 2007) As more employees will be grouped in the same band it can be used to reduce the status consciousness that is often found in a narrow banded pay structure. This in turn might help to focus employee attention to the external environment rather than internal equity. Broad-banding has flatter organisational structures and also encourages flexibility dispensing the need for constant regarding and promotion, less competition compared to graded pay as there is competition trying to compete to the next level of the structure rather than working as a team. ââ¬ËIn broad banded pay systems, employees are encouraged to pursue the development of job skills the need to achieve the next promotion. (Loma, 1999) From research that was conducted it was found that in one large organization that had introduced broad banding, senior management reported that they received more thoughtful recommendations for promotions because managers did not need to promote people to get a raise simply because they were at the band ceiling. (Tyler, 1998) There are rewards rather than attributes in broad-banding and also worker commitment is at its highest. In traditional pay grading structures theres no prospects at getting to the top. In a business environment where organisations want to respond flexibly to global developments and customer requirements, the inflexibility of a traditional scheme has far too many disadvantages. Promotions are now far fewer as organisations have de-layered, reducing greatly the number of management and supervisory positions. Employees need to be far more flexible, willing to change their roles and learn more skills to meet the needs of the quickly changing their roles and learn more skills to meet the needs of the quickly changing national and international marketplace. The stiff, hierarchical grading structure is far less likely to match the quick-moving, responsive culture required in both manufacturing and service industries. They need to be able to adapt quickly to new changes being implemented. Despite the numerous advantages of the wider use of broad banding, at the close of the 90s, a Wyatt survey of 1,300 companies found that less than one in 10 used broad bands. If one was to remove the larger companies from the survey (5000 employees or more), only 6% to 7% used this approach. (Stern Associates, 2006) A few companies find that it works for them, but most are redesigning their structures to allow pay ranges to reflect the market. Conclusions As with any compensation structure, broad banding must be suited to the strategy, culture and employee needs of the particular employer. In my opinion and after careful consideration on broad banded structures I feel a broadband structure is best adopted in a culture that is flexible and team-based or at least is moving quickly in that direction. Companies should carefully weigh broad bandings pros and cons to ensure it fits with their organizational culture and business goals. Despite all the advantages of the broad banded systems, broad bands are still viewed as a novel approach to pay, yet to be proven workable. While companies continue to move to broadband pay programs, anecdotal reports indicate that many early-adopters are returning to more traditional pay structures. Clearly it is found that managers in organizations that have implemented broad banding believe they will have greater flexibility in directing the workforce if they can move people more readily in all directions within the organization without the constraints of narrowly defined jobs and restrictive pay grades/ranges. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1275589679278814742.post-35806885495508272192019-11-14T00:02:00.001-08:002019-11-14T00:02:03.851-08:00The Importance of Dinosaur Discoveries Essay example -- Anthropology EThe Importance of Dinosaur Discoveries When a paleontologist makes a discovery about Dinosaurs it is usually a celebrated event and will appear on all sorts of covers of magazines and even newspapers, with good reason. These discoveries are often quite exciting for a few reasons. The whole experience of finding a fossil that is hundreds of millions of years old is quite an adrenaline rush, but the fact that each discovery has the ability to answer questions in relation to evolution is quite amazing. Each finding of Dinosaur remains can help answer questions of how that certain species evolved from another. If our species can fully understand how Dinosaurs evolved, maybe in the future we can learn something about our evolution. Without discoveries from the past how is our society supposed to persevere and learn from mistakes that may lead to our own extinction, and who to learn better from than perhaps the dinosaurs that have gone through many stages of evolution and have faced extinction. The finding that will be discussed is the discovery of a new type of long- necked Sauropod Dinosaur named Rapetosauras, in the country of Madagascar (National Science Foundation). It was found by two groups of scientists. One group was headed up by Dr. Catherine Forster of SUNY Stony Brook and the other was led by Dr. Curry Rogers of the Science Museum of Minnesota (National Science Foundation). The paleontologists in total found a skeleton that possessed a set of 80 to 90 vertebrate from the neck all the way down to the tail (National Geographic). The two teams also discovered two nearly complete skulls, one from a young Rapetosauras and another from an adult (National Geographic). The Rapetosauras is a type of Dinosaur called a Titano... ...4 (Primary Source) Hartman, Joseph, Krause, David, and Rogers Raymond. â⬠Stratigraphic Analysis of Upper Cretaceous Rocks in the Mahajanga Basin, Northwestern Madagascsar: Implications for Ancient and Modern Faunas.â⬠The Journal of Geology vol. 108 (2000) : 275. Parsell, D.L. ââ¬Å"Skeleton of New Dinosaur ââ¬Å"Titanâ⬠found in Madagascar on National Geographic.com.â⬠1 August 2001. National Geographic News. 4 April 2004 ââ¬Å"Brachiosaurusâ⬠Enchanted Learning.com. 2004. 4 April 5 2004 ââ¬Å"New Long-necked Dinosaur Discovered in Madagascar.â⬠Office of Legislative and Public Affairs. 1 August 2001. National Science Foundation. 5 April 2004 Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16810697167087203186noreply@blogger.com0