Saturday, August 31, 2019

The Importance of a Quality Education

The quality of education in today†s school systems has gone down substantially due to many different factors. Some people disagree and go as far as saying that the quality of education is better, but many studies and expert testimonial will show that there has been a large downfall in how students are taught and how students learn compared to the past. This evidence will also show that the problems begin starting as early as the elementary level of school. One statement that is believed by some is that since the average teacher to student ratio has gone from 1:22 to 1:17 that tudents are getting more personal attention and their needs are being met better by teachers. However, just recently, in the studies of teacher to student ratio were special education and other reduced size classes added to the tally creating the illusion that the average class size is really smaller than it actually is. When in fact class sizes have generally stayed the same. In some cases classes have gotten bigger in certain states causing overcrowding which results in less personal attention. It also opens the door for students with learning disabilities to go unnoticed by teachers, urthering the damage to their education (NCES Fast Facts). Another false belief is that students of today are more literate that students of the past. This maybe true for the overall average but in recently it was noticed that in the period from 1980 to 1996 students in the age groups of nine, thirteen, and seventeen years, all saw a drop of at least one point on the Reading Proficiency Scale. From 1980 to 1996 students in the age group of nine years dropped three points. From 1992 to 1996 students in the age group of thirteen years dropped one point. Finally students in the ge group of seventeen years saw a drop of two points from 1984 to 1996 proving that students† scores in reading, although better than forty years ago, have seen a recent drop in the past fifteen to Students receiving a broad range of education is another common misconception. In a period of ten years from 1982 to 1992 the average number of vocational credits acquired by graduating high school seniors dropped from 4. 6 to 3. 8. Also seeing a drop in numbers was the average credits earned in specific labor market preparation classes which includes, agriculture, home economics and family consumer sciences, trade nd industrial, business, and law classes. Specific labor market preparation classes which in 1982 filled out 2. 9 of and average students high school credits dropped to bleak 2. 6 over ten years. This shows that students are sticking more to the basic core classes and college preparatory classes decreasing the overall knowledge gained by the secondary education level student (NCES Fast The last false observation noted in this paper is that students are learning things at earlier ages than in the past. This fact is true in some cases such as in technology and English, but in math lasses children start at an average level of learning and over the course of elementary and junior high tend to drop below average (Children). These drops are believed to be caused by students who learn certain subjects in one grade and then the same subjects may be covered in the next grade causing the student to become bored and uninterested in the material (Newcomb, 11). Recently it was noticed that the science skills of students between the fourth and eighth grade have dropped into what some call a slump. However, according to Dr. Gerald K. LeTendre, an assistant professor of education at Penn State, the drop is not due o a recent change in circumstances, but instead it is due to what Dr. LeTendre refers to as a â€Å"continuation of low gains from year to year. † â€Å"This continuation of low gains from year to year has continued for over twenty years and will keep dropping unless measures are taken to ensure the safety and quality of the students education,† commented LeTendre (Children). Yet another cause for this downfall in grades and test scores is pointed out by long time high school teacher, Ron P. Milder. In an interview on April 12, 1999 Milder suggested that the cause of this decrease is many factors, but one main factor is the outside istractions that are brought into school which take away from the students attention level. Many students now have jobs, sports practice and plays which they are involved in that take priority over school in a students mind. Another distraction Milder pointed out was that during his school days divorced parents were unheard of and in this day and age single parent families are about equal to two parent families which causes disruption in a students mind and also takes away from the students learning opportunities Another expert on education, Jean Piaget, believes that during the second stage of intellectual development children are ot given the proper amount of challenges to fully develop their potential which in turn slows them down in the remaining two stages of development. Piaget believes that in intellectual development four stages occur in the human brain the first being sensorimoror which occurs from birth to the age of two. The second, preoperational, occurs from age two to age seven. The third stage is concrete operational, which happens between ages seven and eleven. Finally the fourth is formal operational which is deductive reasoning, this occurs from age eleven and up. When the child can not express their full ability during the preoperational eriod they slow down their process of passing through the four stages. When this happens the student falls behind in learning and if the student is not shown the proper ways will only fall farther and farther behind as they grow older (Brainerd). One of the largest supporting pieces of evidence in the decrease of knowledge is the all mighty dollar. Money has, does, and always will play a large part in the way people make decisions and when it comes to teaching the money is short. Because of this many of the brightest minds who should be teaching go on to business where they can make double a teachers salary. Teaching is also a very stressful job including long hours and hard work. Some people who go into it don†t have the right mindset and end up quitting within the first few years (Milder). Another part of money is the funding of schools in the United States. Government funds to schools are sometimes not enough to cover all the costs so schools tend to cut back on what they should be getting more of. Many schools have out-dated construction and need to be rebuilt but funding comes up short so often they are left with a school that isn†t an adequate teaching or learning environment (Milder). Many of the problems existing in today†s schools are problems that can be fixed through time and vigorous effort, but the effort needs to be given by all sides of the problem. When only few people care about the problem nothing gets fixed. The problems should be addressed by a qualified group of experienced educators and students. The next goal would be to come up with possible solutions to the problems existing in today†s schools. After this is done the money needs to be raised and the appropriate measures need to be taken to relieve the problems that are eating away the education of today†s children.

Friday, August 30, 2019

Principles of communication in adult social care Essay

Aiii Identify five different reasons why people communicate. -To share ideas, express feelings, express needs, give and receive information, to share opinions. Aiv Give two reasons why it is important to observe the reactions of an individual using the service when you are communicating with them. -To see if they have understood you correctly, be able to see there reaction to what you said. Av Explain why it is important to find out about an individual’s: a) communication and language –To be able to communicate in an effective way and be understood properly. b) wishes and preferences – To be able to give the best service and assistance possible. Avi Explain how good communication can have a positive effect on the way a social care worker interacts with: a) colleagues –To be able to give our clients the best service possible, understanding the clients day to day and colleagues point of views. b) individuals using the service and carers – To be able to understands there needs, wishes and preferences better and be able to communicate effectively. c) other professionals – To be able to enable a better care services to our clients being able to help other professionals have a bigger paradigm and be able to evaluate and work in the best possible way. Read more:  Different reasons people communicate  essay Avii Identify three examples of barriers to communication, and describe ways each barrier could be reduced. -Distractions, physical barriers, language differences.  Aviii Describe two ways to check that communication has been understood by all involved. -Ask directly if you have been understood or wait to see a  reaction, if not understood calmly repeat it. Aix Identify three services or sources of information and support that enable effective communication in an adult social care setting. -Advocacy services, interpreting services, speech and language services. Task B Poster Create a poster about confidentiality, which can be used in an adult social care setting. The poster must: Bi give a definition of the term ‘confidentiality’ as it applies in adult social care settings Bii describe examples of how to maintain confidentiality in day to day communication Biii describe examples of situations where you might need to share confidential information with other professionals or the carers of individuals receiving the service Biv explain how and when to seek advice about confidentiality and where to go for help. -Confidentiality is a set of rules or a promise that limits access or places restrictions on certain types of information. -When creating a relationship and day to day with clients, they will trust you with some intimate ideas or opinion or even day to day things, all information a client shares with you should be considered confindential, you should never speak to any clients about other clients and when communicating with colleagues, other professional or family involved in the clients best interest, should communicate relevant facts in a private place as could be the care office, the same with any advice needed, should ask any of my colleages, preferably seniors of care.

Thursday, August 29, 2019

A strategic analysis of Proctor and Gamble

A strategic analysis of Proctor and Gamble The path that leads them to achieve their goals every company has to follow And objectives which could be achievable by research, reexamine, data analysis, planning and carrying out. And to do all these, a business concern has to implement certain tools to fig out the existing scheme or and to do all these, a business organization concern has to implement certain tools to fig out the existing scheme. This procedure known by strategic analysis, acts like a light house to the organizations. Proctor & Gamble is one of the pioneer names in the consumer commodity epoch. They have been reigning in this sector for last 173 old age with rely. This written report is produced to review their strategic position and this report is produced to reexamine their strategic position PURPOSE AND PREFACE: Understanding of the environment in which an organization is operating strategic analysis is a theoretically informed, Of the organizations interaction with its environment in order to ameliorate orga nizational efficiency together with an understanding and Effectiveness by increasing the organizations capacity to deploy and effectualness by increasing the organizations capacity to deploy. Strategically added value to the carrying out of a concrete scheme to gain sustainable competitive advantage by analyzing. This report is carry owed to applying appropriate tools of strategic analysis to appraise ‘Proctor & Gamble’s Industrial environment and fig out the competitive position and operational. Proctor & Gamble Of their wide ambit of consumer commodity an American company which is globally renowned because HISTORY OF â€Å"Proctor & Gamble† Nearly serving the human beings for about 173 old. 4 billion consumer’s in the globe today where about 135,000 people are working for them they are serving and P&G has their own organization system in 80 countries in globe. They acquired the biggest broadened manpower in the human beings where about 140 nationalities people are working for them PROCTOR AND GAMBLE – BACKGROUND In 1887 they came up wad Innovation of earnings sharing program and later 1940’s they started carrying outs of consumer relations department. And in 1980’s IN the consumer relations department carrying out of e mail and IN 2002 they Developing feminine aggrandizes â€Å"naturella’ and later 2005 they came up around the high globally frequence stores. METHODLOGY In various fashion strategic analysis differs. But the various ascribes that are commonly accepted are as follows. -To formulation of scheme relevant data identification that is related. -Internal environment and analyzing the external. In the analysis different methods that are applied. -To apply to analyze the organization are as follows different methods that’s going to be SWOT Analysis Ansoff matrix. Generic strategies Value chain The uses of these analytical strategic tools will be used later on to see the organization’ s trading operations and the applies of these analytical strategic tools will be used later on to see the organization’s operations Proctor and gamble – swot analysis: Swot analysis is the strategic tools to understand the strength, weaknesses, opportunities and menaces of an organization or dweeb analysis is the strategic tools to understand the strength, failings, chances and menaces of an organization. Swot analysis of proctor and gamble are as follows:

Wednesday, August 28, 2019

Management Focus Toward Enhancing Employee Job Satisfaction Essay

Management Focus Toward Enhancing Employee Job Satisfaction - Essay Example From a perspective of securing the needs of the business, in relation to productivity and profitability, it is often recognized that a happy and stable workforce contributes greatly to increased momentum within the company. Hence, an organization which is experiencing diminished staff morale and dissatisfaction (due to any number of internal reasons) forces managers to alter the characteristics of the employees’ specific job functions or enhance the organizational culture of the firm to better suit the diverse and psychological needs of their subordinates. For instance, if conflicts occur within the business, in relation to the quality of coworker relationships, management must take an active and visible role in promoting teamwork so as to alleviate non-productive animosities against other employees. In most instances, such conflict resolution involves addressing the concerns of both parties involved, calling a formal meeting (if necessary) to discuss to the problem in an open forum environment, and reinforcing that each employee maintains a responsibility to securing the needs of the business as a primary objective. Such actions reinforce that management is concerned and interested in the needs of his or her employees, which appeals to their psychological need for support and resolution of difficult coworker relationships. The end result of managerial intervention when social dysfunction occurs is a more stable organizational culture where employees’ needs are recognized and they perceive ample cooperation from their leadership

Tuesday, August 27, 2019

Biggest challenge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Biggest challenge - Essay Example With the vast number of people on social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter, it is hard not to be distracted by it. There is nothing worse than getting down to some serious study or washing the dishes when a Facebook notification pops up asking if you would like to go to a friend’s birthday party next weekend. Before a decision can be made, the guest list has to be checked (i.e. stalked) to see who is going to be there. If the event is worth going to, then practically every cool person should be attending. Before realizing it, 25 minutes have passed by and studying, or the dishes, has been left far behind. Despite the drawbacks, Facebook and Twitter are not all bad. In fact, they can be quite helpful in the area of homework in particular. For example, study groups can be formed online and classmates can provide encouragement and expertise wherever needed. In the case of a household chore, mentioning it on a Facebook status update or sending out a tweet may provoke a flurry of responses. The key is to leave everyone also while carrying out the chore and only check the reaction

Monday, August 26, 2019

Relationship between science and Bible Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Relationship between science and Bible - Essay Example This idea is neither a biblical nor logical inference (Yasri & Mancy 2). The Bible even states it clearly that the earth is by the heavens and not the other way round (Jaki 224). The paper discusses the relationship that exists between the Bible and science. Zigerell (314) explains that the early proponents such as Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler and Nicholas Copernicus were all Christians. The famous scientist Isaac Newton stated that the most beautiful system of the planets, comets and sun could proceed only from the dominion and counsel on a powerful and intelligent being (Zigerell 315). Therefore, the Bible and science are closely related. Scientists agree with the physical world described in the Bible. Zigerell (315) asserts that some of the scientific principles described in the Bible in the thousands years ago are (El-Hani & Claudia 103). The Bible and science relate in various ways as discussed below. The bible addresses statements consistent with the astronomy (Zigerell 315 ). The Bible refers frequently to the great number of stars that are in heaven. The book of Genesis talks of the stars (Schroeder 178). In chapter twenty-two, verse seventeen of Genesis book states how God was to bless Abraham. God will bless Abraham abundantly, and he will multiply the descendants of Abraham as the heavenly stars and as the sand that are on the seashore (Zigerell 315). The descendants of Abraham will be able to possess the gates of their enemies. The book of Jeremiah also addresses the issue of stars (Zigerell 316). Chapter thirty three of the book of Jeremiah explains how God was to bless the descendants of His servant David and the Levites who were ministering to him. â€Å"As the host of the heavens cannot be numbered, nor the sand of the sea be measured, so I will multiply the descendants of David My servant and the Levites who minister to me† (Jer. 33:1). The number of stars that are in heaven is not in the two books, but they are to be many (Yasri & Ma ncy 3). Scientists even today admit that they are not aware of the number of stars in the heaven (Yasri & Mancy 3). With the naked eyes, the scientists are only able to account for 3,000 stars. Scientists have estimated the number of stars and seashore sand grains of the earth to be great numbers, but they don’t give the exact values of each (Jaki 225). The Bible states that the stars are unique (Zigerell 316). The book of I Corinthians 15:41 express the uniqueness of each star. The book states that, â€Å"there is one glory of the sun, another glory of the moon and another glory of the stars; for one star differs from another star in glory† (Jaki 226). Scientists explain that all stars look the same when observed with the naked eyes (El-Hani & Claudia 104). The stars seem to be just light points when seen from a telescope. When the light spectra of stars are, it reveals that each star is unique and is different from the others (Yasri & Mancy 3). The movement precision in the universe has in the Bible (Zigerell 317). The book of Jeremiah 31:35-36 describes the movement precision in the universe. Scientists have also explained the movements that occur within the universe (Yasri & Mancy 4). The Bible also describes how the earth is in the space (Zigerell 317).

Answering history questions Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Answering history questions - Term Paper Example The Soviets would dominate Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania; Britain would control Greece; Yugoslavia would be shared by both countries. The country which was NOT mentioned at all in the bargain was Finland, of vital importance to Stalin. (3pts) 6. By early November, 1944, the Red Army, after victories in Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, reached the gates of Budapest, Hungary. Hungarian and German troops mounted a savage defense of the city; capitulation came in February 1945. (3pts) 7. ___(C)_____ Select the letter which represents the accurate chronology?(a. Failed coup against Hitler , Soviet recognition of the Polish â€Å"Lublin† or communist government , Allied capture of Cherbourg, Allied capture of Rome, Operation Overlord b. Allied Capture of Cherbourg, Allied Capture of Rome, Operation Overlord, Failed coup against Hitler, Soviet recognition of the Polish â€Å"Lublin† or communist government c. Operation Overlord , Allied Capture of Cherbourg , Failed coup against Hitler, Soviet recognition of Polish â€Å"Lublin† or communist government d. Allied capture of Rome , Operation Overlord, Allied Capture of Cherbourg, Failed coup against Hitler, Soviet recognition of the Polish â€Å"Lublin† or communist government. The airborne operation emerged mainly as a result of the 1944 operation overlord’s success, as well as the consequent Battle of Normandy. The worsening of the allied supply phenomenon and the increasing rivalries and conflicts during the time, called for the formation of an airborne solution. A number of reasons can be attributed to the failure of the Operation Market garden. Such reasons include poor planning, lack of proper and sufficient machinery, lack of enough aircrafts, errors in decision making, the destruction of the railway-bridge, harsh weather conditions, technical problems that, for example, resulted into poor communication, and generally, the overly optimistic

Sunday, August 25, 2019

A specific insurance company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A specific insurance company - Research Paper Example For the year 2013 the company’s products/operations were divided as followed: In 2012 the company reported an additional 2% increase in revenues mainly due to increased sales of property/casualty premiums and higher return on investments. Although the company has reported improved revenue streams during the past few years, their growth has been mainly fueled by expected organic growth. The company growth strategy has been geared towards increasing insurance premiums sales by enhancing their independent agent network, improving sales support and organization and improving their online sales platform. Allstate has also been working to lean down operations through the sale of less profitable segments such as the sale of the Lincoln Benefit Life unit to Resolution Life in 2014 for $600 million (Hoovers). The purchase of their subsidiary Esurance in 2011 helped solidify Allstates online presence and improve their corporate image as an innovator. Allstates management has been working towards improving their profitability through careful risk management, maintaining their current levels of profitability in the auto segment as well as increasing returns in their homeowners insurance and annuity business segments. It is interesting that the majority of the insurance advertisements in cable TV, as well as online popular TV websites such as Hulu are about Esurance and Allstates brands. Allstates main rival is State Farm, a giant privately held company with currently the largest market share in the U.S. insurance market. State Farm is the top provider of casualty, property, life, health as well as auto insurance. The other main competitors for Allstate are Progressive (PGR) with a $19.86 billion in market capitalization and Farmers Group (Yahoo). To better gauge Allstate’s financial performance I will analyze some of the companys key financial ratios and how the compare with industry averages. From the

Saturday, August 24, 2019

Fighting Cyber-Crime Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Fighting Cyber-Crime - Term Paper Example This is because: 1. Every country has their own and separate legal, technical and organizational issues. 2. All information is stored in free-text format. 3. Information keeps changing dynamically. Thus, it has become a biggest international challenge. So how are they fighting against cybercrime? This is the topic of discussion in this task. What is Cybercrime? Cybercrime is any illegal activity that is conducted through the use of computers, the internet and computer network. There are many kinds of cybercrimes that exist: internet fraud, computer hacking, spreading of malicious code or viruses, cyber piracy and many more. And new types of cybercrime keep on being introduced. (Yang, 2008, p. 32). There are many reasons why people commit cybercrime; some of which are as follows: 1. Intellectual: when hackers gain illegal access to information on a secured website or crack passwords. 2. Emotional: when hackers take revenge from any employee of a company by giving threats through the u se of emails. 3. Financial: when hackers gain money through internet fraud. 4. Accessibility: when people download pirated software from the internet. Hence, cybercrime is not an accidental approach; it is an intentional act to gain some or the other kind of benefit on the part of the person committing it. (Cross and Shinder, 2008, p. 29). Some Examples of Cybercrimes Bob Smith who was a residence of Oklahoma, observed that his credit card had been used by some criminal who did fraudulent purchases. Two accounts had been opened with his information in two different banks. The criminal further applied for a loan in Dallas to buy a car and he changed the address of Bob to some address in Dallas which was a fake address. This was an example of use of internet fraud which is a cybercrime. (Cross and Shinder, 2008, p. 4). On 8 March, 2008, some data thieves broke into computers of chain of supermarkets Sweetbay and Hannaford Brothers, and stole around 4.2 billion credit card and debit ca rd numbers. A person’s email account password was hacked and his account was misused for sending malicious code to the contacts in the person’s address book. As the people receiving the malicious code think that it is coming from their friend, they open it and execute the attachments which infect their computer with the malicious code. (Nagpal, 2008, p. 133). Fighting Against Cybercrime The police should not be the only one involved in fighting against cybercrime. Legislators should also perform their part by making appropriate laws. Furthermore, the IT community and the society themselves should report the incidents of cybercrimes to the higher authorities as well as they should take measures to prevent themselves from becoming victim to these crimes. To fight against cybercrime, the following steps are being taken: 1. Educating the IT Professionals: As they already understand computer security, IT professionals are further made aware of computer crimes in which they are educated about the law which states what things come under computer crime and what things do not. The IT professionals are also being included in the law making in which they share their expertise. Furthermore, they are being involved with the police in the investigation of any computer crime scene so that they can give technical help and advice through their expertise.

Friday, August 23, 2019

Response to Peer Comment Reasoning with Economics Essay

Response to Peer Comment Reasoning with Economics - Essay Example The U.S unemployment rate rose after the recession of 2008. The U.S. unemployment for February 2012 was 8.3% (Bls, 2012). The stock market is important because a lot of people depend on this investment alternative to build up retirement portfolios. Inflation hurts people because it decreases the purchasing power of money. I agree with you that rationality is a difficult form of information to correct. When an individual makes up his mind about something it is often difficult to reason with such a person. It is imperative for employees to keep the lines of communication open in order to ensure information that is incorrect is properly identified. When people have limited options they should properly assess the implications of each alternative. Problem solving requires not letting obstacles cloud your judgment. I also agree with your viewpoint about the importance of retrospection. People should always analyze the past in order to learn from their mistakes and make better

Thursday, August 22, 2019

The film Pretty Woman Essay Example for Free

The film Pretty Woman Essay We recently watched the film Pretty Woman, which was directed by American Hollywood producer Garry Marshall, who had previously produced 70s T. V sitcoms, such as Happy Days, Mork Mindy, and Laverne Shirley. This film was made between 24th July 1989 and 18th October 1989, and was then released on 23rd March 1990. Pretty Woman cost $14million to make, but was a huge hit and in the U. S alone it made $178million, furthermore it made $478million worldwide. The story of Pretty Woman is based on George Bernard Shaws play Pygmalion, and the musical and 1964 film My Fair Lady, in which Rex Harrison plays Professor Higgins and Audrey Hepburn plays flower seller Eliza Doolittle. The soundtrack for this film was Oh, Pretty Woman, which was sung by Roy Orbison. In Pretty Woman Richard Gere plays wealthy and ruthless businessman, Edward Lewis, and Julia Roberts plays Vivien Ward who is a young prostitute. Pretty Woman starts with Edward breaking up with his girlfriend, so he takes a drive to Beverly Hills and unintentionally picks up prostitute Vivien, when he is trying to work out how to drive his lawyers wifes car. He explains to her that he buys companies that are starting to deteriorate, breaks them up and then sells them for a profit. He needs someone to take to a business meal the next evening, so he gives her $3000 to stay with him for the week. Vivien goes shopping on Rodeo Drive to buy a dress for the dinner, and she is treated very badly. The next day he takes her shopping and because of his wealth she is treated very differently. Through spending time with Vivien, Edward begins doubting his ruthless business techniques, and ends up help companies that are weakening. The director shows a lot of contrast between Edward and Viviens life. The opening line from the magician was No matter what they say, its all about money. This gives you an indication of what Edwardss life is about. The first time you see this is in the opening scene of the film. In Edwards world, it shows a close up on money, which shows you that is all Edwards life revolves around, and that he has plenty of it. He breaks up with his girlfriend because she says that he puts business before anything else. He then goes to look for his ex-girlfriend Susan, and asked her if she spoke to his secretary more than him. Susan then told him that his secretary was her bridesmaid. When you first see Vivien, she is on her way to a bar, which is used by street gangs to find her flat mate Kit. Vivien has to leave her dingy flat though the fire escape because her she cant afford to pay the rent. Edward lives in his huge Bel Air mansion, whereas Vivien lives in a not very pleasant flat, which she shares with her friend Kit, and between them they cant afford to pay rent. So again, the difference between the two characters is because of money. When Edward takes Vivien to the penthouse suite in the hotel Vivien is shocked by the size of it, but it is just normal to Edward, as he regularly stays in it, because it is the best. Edward seems to be more civilised than Vivien, because when he sits on a seat or chair, she always perches herself in the most awkward place. When you are shown Viviens world, the colours are always vivid and trashy, but in Edwardss world, the colours are always grey and black.

Wednesday, August 21, 2019

Communication and Crisis paper Essay Example for Free

Communication and Crisis paper Essay When a certain crisis is going or a situation at the time then the emergency management office is going to be communicating with one another inside of the office and also outside of the organization as well. When dealing with and issue or matter however you look at it no matter what but also sometimes to it can be very difficult for the organization to meet up with one another at the time to get information about what is going on in the community or town during the time. But when you are working with so many different organization at the time communication can be hard for all of them that why you to come up with an idea for the groups or organization when discussing a certain topic with information you have it must be a design timely matter for things to be cover and also each member must be available while working with one another and also be very cooperation to when it comes to the organizations so you won’t cause the public to have an panic attack about the matter that is going on in the community. That which could cause a lot more of problems down the line for the town as well your own self while a crisis is going on that is why the emergency management office have to be very carefully what they say on news and television and the radio broadcast station about a crisis so they don’t put people under more pressure while communicate about the crisis that is involved the community. When a crisis is taking place at a certain time there are going to be many advantages and challenges with every organization as well to for the public no matter what. The one thing you have to do is make sure there are no challenges or advantages that might make the people in the community have a panic attack or a nervous breakdown while a crisis is going on that which  harms them at the time. But when the emergency management office get certain information about a crisis at the time they must get expertise information from other resources that is adequate when dealing with a certain matter that is why they take precautions also to as well to. Because when a certain crisis is going on people can breakdown under pressure so this is why the organizations should be prepared for things like this also there should be more integrated communication plan in place while collaboration with one another at the very moment about a topic or crisis. Differences in communication processes what one has learned from the scenario and how one might incorporate that knowledge to improve healthcare communication strategies? I know there are so many different types of communications processes that you can used when dealing a certain situation or crisis at the time. But also you must have effective communication with one another while a crisis is going on and making sure you have a better understanding as well to. I think the best way to go with communication method is the effective way because every little thing will be on the television, news station and the radio station along with the social media to because when a certain crisis is going on at the time one must find a way to communicate about the situation or matter that is why now it is a lot more of technology available to communicate today around the world. When trying to send a message out to others that is why one must find out what communication strategy method work for them best when trying to improve healthcare communication skills with one another at that time in the field of medical. Appropriate technology like social media and how technologies may be used to enhance communication when a crisis is going or even an certain situation at the moment there are certain things that should be used and appropriate to use or say in the social media while you are reach out to a lot of people around the world at the time like this. Because sometimes people can go online and add more things about the crisis or situation that might not even be true at all that is why the organization must be very carefully when sending out a message to the public about a certain topic or matter also the  social media must have information to back up a crisis that is happened while they are communicate about topic with information that is mostly reliable and telling the truth as well also before it even get out to the public. Because you don’t want to send out the wrong message to the public because that will be worldwide no matter what also the technology should enhance their communication skills during and time like this in the social media but in the healthcare field they should try to come up with a lot more of communication theory that is going to be very effective in a crisis by having more advancement in technology. How technology may be used differently now then it was during the crisis is in certain crisis at the moment that is going on one must use the appropriate communication skills strategy that fit them very best to their ability with the most accurate information in an crisis form of communication that is being broadcast all over the different types of networks at the very important moment. This is why one must have a certain type of communication method while working with technology today in the social media spotlight that is going to be on the local television stations and radio station as well also to for the emergency management technologies while they are reaching out to the population around the world about a main disaster crisis at the time with updated information in a more timely manner. Media opportunities during a crisis The media have so many different opportunities when it comes to an crisis that is taking place at the time with television airtime and news station and radio station as well also to with the newspaper no matter what. Because this is a lot more of good media time for them with many more opportunities as well when they look at it for the time being that which will put them on top in the big spotlight by promote their self and business to because they know many people are going to watch the news for information about a certain crisis or issue that is being broadcast as well that is going be good for publicity In an crisis that is going on at the moment it is an essential to have good  communication skill for the people inside of the community at the time by let them know what it is going and also by not causing any problems or panic attacks by trying your best to describe what is being done as possible to prevent this matter. By having good communication skills strategy when it all comes down to communicating with each other in all of these types of organization in the field so everyone can get the information in a timely manner and order as well to. But however you look at it there are going to be some challenges and advantages while things is being address to the public about certain situation when talking to the community and town of people. And also when one is discussing an crisis at the time they must make sure it is appropriate to the technology as well also to with the social media that they are going to using in the spotlight and also this is a very good opportunity to the media as well to while a crisis is going on that is a competitions. References Du Pre, A.(2005) Communicating about health: current issues and perspectives (2nd Ed) Boston, M.A MC Graw Hill J, S . H . Randolph, T.B. (2002) toward a synthesis model for crisis communication in the public sector Journal of business and technical communication Retrieved on June 13, 2013 from proquest database Stephenson D, R (1982) How to turn pit falls into opportunities in crisis situation: public relation quarterly retrieved on June 14, 2013

Tuesday, August 20, 2019

Night by Elie Wiesel

Night by Elie Wiesel Kurtis Mayes Night by Elie Wiesel is a terrifying but powerful autobiography. Eliezer or Elie Wiesel was born in the town of Sighet in Transylvania. He was just a teenager when he was moved to the ghetto then sent away to the concentration camps. Many events in the world have been captured in history books but among the ones that we have heard about, the holocaust is the one that most of us remember. A holocaust is a destruction or slaughter on a mass scale. The Jewish Holocaust was a controlled, state financed torture and killing of roughly six million Jews by the Nazi government led by Adolf Hitler. Apart from the Jews, other groups considered inferior or anti-establishment such as Romans and Gypsies were killed. Moshe the Beadle was the first character introduced in the book Night. Moshe, some may say, served as a replacement for Elie Wiesel. Night can be read as an attack averse to silence. Many times in the book evil is preserved by a silent lack of resistance. In this case, the repeated disregarding of Moshes warning about what danger lies ahead for the Jewish people. The Nazis most definitely treated the Jewish people as less than human. The Nazis doctors experimented on the Jewish people in an attempt to create a superior race of man. The Nazis also crammed the Jewish people in to cattle cars to transport them from place to place, or they forced marched them. If one of th e people fell or went to the ground, they were killed. In the first chapter, Elie describes his father as a rather unsentimental man and told us of how He is more concerned with others than with his own family. Right away you see that Elie and his father were not that close. Elies father was one of the leading men in the community and did not approve of Elie reading the Kabbalah. The Kabbalah is the ancient Jewish tradition of mystical interpretation of the Bible, which formed a barrier of separation between Elie and his father. The first bond that Elie had with his father is when they reach the concentration camp know as Auschwitz. The first orders yelled at them is Men to the left! Women to the right!. At this point, Elie did not know he was to be separated from his mother and three sisters forever. It is now that Elie and his father start the terrifying and miserable journey of life in the camps together. Later in the book Elies mother and three sisters die at Auschwitz but Elie and his father were reinstated at Buchenwald. When Elie arrived at Auschwitz, he saw the mistreatment of killed Jews being burned in mass graves. The book states that Elie witnessed an old man getting beat with a revolver that a SS soldier owned. He knew at that point that this journey had to go through was not going to be easy and it wasnt going to be stress free. Men, women, and childrens bodies were tossed into huge piles of bodies and burned. For the Jews, meal times were the most important event of each day. After morning roll call, the Jewish people would be given their morning meal which was an imitation coffee or herbal tea. For lunch prisoners may have been given watery soup. If they were lucky, they might get a very small piece of a turnip or a potato peel. In the evening prisoners may have been given a small piece of black bread; they may also have received a tiny piece of sausage, or some marmalade or cheese. Marmalade was generally a fruit preserve made from the juice a nd peel of citrus fruits boiled with sugar and water. The bread was supposed to last the prisoners for the morning also, so prisoners would try to hide it with them while the slept so that no one would steal their food and so that they can eat small bits at a time without getting yelled at or beaten. Hunger was one of the greatest problems. The deficient rations were merely intended to keep the prisoners alive. The Nazis did not provide prisoners with sufficient nutrition to carry out heavy manual work. Many thousands died from starvation or illnesses brought on by lack of nutrition. The Nazis crammed the Jews in very poorly made barracks to sleep. The Nazis spit on the Jews and they treated them worse than the Blacks were treated in the USA during the early years of building America. One of Wiesels strengths in Night is to show the full terror of dehumanization, the Jews had to go through. It is something that the Nazis perpetrated against the people they imprisoned. The tattooing of numbers on the prisoners, something that Elie notes, is important. A- 7713 is by definition an example of dehumanization because it steals the human out of the word humanity. The brutality that the Nazis committed on their prisoners is another example of dehumanization. The public beatings, the hanging of prisoners and making others walk past them, as well as the selection process are all examples of dehumanization. When Elie had to run at full speed to avoid being noticed during one of the selection processes, it is a reminder, it shows just how large dehumanization played a role in the Holocaust. Even in actions that the Nazis took towards Jewish people before the extermination, dehumanization was present. Being forced to wear the Yellow Star and the dramatic and almost immediate forced movements into the ghettos are all examples of dehumanization that the Nazis executed. Wiesel shows th e true horror of dehumanization to impact the relationships between Jewish people. Wiesel makes the claim that the terror of the Holocaust existed in how everyone dehumanized one another. Moshe the Beadle one of the first characters that get brought up in this book. His Role was not just a little boy in a book that got banished for telling myths. Moshe the Beadle is a symbol of dehumanization. During the first few chapters he is dehumanized by the people of Sighet. When he comes back to tell them what he experienced, he is dehumanized in the way that he is discredited and banished. Moshe the Beadle represents barbarize within Germany by the treatment he receives. This process continues in the train when the men on the train beat up Madame Schà ¤chter. When she exclaims that she sees fire, she is not heard. Rather, she is told to shut up and then forcibly beaten into silence. Once again, dehumanization is evident in how victims of evil treat one another. Throughout the camps, exampl es of children abandoning parents, people betraying one another, and aloneness dominating human actions until survival is all that remains are examples of dehumanization in the book. These examples show that the Holocaust happened because individuals dehumanized one another. In seeing, human beings as less than human beings, individuals were able to treat one another with a lack of dignity and voice. Elie struggled with his faith is a conflict in the book. In the beginning, His faith in god was undoubtedly pure. His belief in an almighty, benevolent God is unconditional, and he cannot imagine living without faith in a supreme higher power. During the Holocaust, His faith was definitely shaken up by the events that he had to endure. Elies belief in the divine and that God is good, his studies taught him, God is everywhere in the world, therefore the world must therefore be good. Elies faith in the good will of the world is irreversibly shaken, however, by the cruelty and evil he endu red during the Holocaust. He imagines that the concentration camps are unbelievable, disgusting cruelty could possibly reflect divinity. He thinks that if the world is so disgusting and cruel, then God either must be disgusting and cruel or must not exist at all. In one of Nights most famous passages, Eliezer states, Never shall I forget that nocturnal silence which deprived me, for all eternity, of the desire to live. It is the idea of Gods silence that he finds most troubling, as this description of an event at Buna reveals: as the Gestapo hangs a young boy, a man asks, Where is God? yet the only response is total silence throughout the camp. After reading this book, I noticed that Wiesels work indicates that anytime voice is silenced, dehumanization is the result. This becomes its own end that must be stopped at all costs. Elie has a powerful way to explain what he had to go through to become a free person again. It just makes you wonder what pushes someone to mass murder a group of people or to turn a whole nation against one group or kind of people just because they are different.

Monday, August 19, 2019

English Language and Literature in the Middle ages Essay -- essays pap

English Language and Literature in the Middle ages English Society of the Middle Ages saw many developments and new trends, but none so plainly as the developments witnessed in the Language and Literature of that time. It began with the Norman Conquest: eloquent french words substituted for the â€Å"harsh† saxon equivalents, primarily in the upper levels of society. Literature began to reflect these changes in the language, and continued to evolve throughout the Renissance. Together, these aspects helped define the Middle Ages. The Norman Conquest took place in 1066 with the death of King Edward. William of Normandy, later to be reffered to as â€Å"The Conquerer†, fought King Harold in order to claim the crown in Britian. Succeeding, William integrated Norman life into the Old English culture, concentrating in the higher courts and plitical scene. This integration of the Norman culture then filtered down to the underclass. The developmental trends of the English Language can be clearly seen in the literature of the time. Geoffrery Chaucer, who’s works were a precursor to t...

The Ugly World of Competitive Figure Skating :: Exploratory Essays

The Ugly World of Competitive Figure Skating For every Olympic games, there always seems to be some type of scandal or drama. The 2002 Winter Olympic games in Salt Lake City proved itself to be full of this excitement and controversy. That year the scandal appeared in one of the most popular events, figure skating. The competition was between the Russian and Canadian figure skating pairs. The Russians showed a performance full of technical difficulty without pulling it off completely. Their performance was marred by simple mistakes. On the other hand, the Canadian pair performed a piece full of emotion, and while not as technically difficult as the Russians, more thorough and precise in their landings and jumps. After their performance the audience and the television commentators all believed they were the gold medallists. However after their score went up, they were sorely put in second place. As it turns out a French judge exchanged votes with a Russian judge so that the Russians would win the event. Since this happened, it h as opened up the doors to the world of figure skating and informed the public of its corruptness. What people need to notice is that judges exchanging votes is only one part of the problem and how well a person actually performs the techniques on the ice is only one part of the judging. In an article published in Newsweek right after the scandal was exposed the author states, "For ages figure skating has attracted ridicule for letting a competitor's nationality, make-up, costume, and choice of music seem to count as much as the athleticism and grace." (Begley 40) As it stands now in 2010, it looks as though no one has learned a lesson from this event or article. Judges who make deals before competitions and get caught do not suffer any harsh consequences. They continue to practice unsportsmanlike conduct while judging. In my movie (as yet to be titled) I hope to address not only the fact that judges make deals ahead of time, but that certain skaters are discriminated by their race a nd sexuality as well as for arbitrary reasons. The movie will be set in the United States, most likely in Connecticut, a common place for skaters to train. The main character, Kris is working on making it up the ladder of the amateur skating circuit. She comes from a lower middle class family that cannot support her hobby of skating.

Sunday, August 18, 2019

A Very Brief History on the Existence of God Essay -- Philosophy, Des

The subsequent essay will provide a brief overview on the existence of God from Renà © Descartes through Immanuel Kant. First, section (1), examines Descartes’ proof for the existence of God. Section (2), explores G.W. Leibniz’s view on God’s existence in addition to his attempts to rectify the shortcomings of Descartes’ proofs. Before continuing, it is imperative to understand that both Descartes and Leibniz believed that the existence of God could be proved via reason. The remainder of the essay then examines two additional philosophers, David Hume in section (4) and Immanuel Kant in (5), who contend that God’s existence cannot be rationally proven. (1) Being a devout Catholic, Descartes undeniably believed in God. He makes this clear in the letter of dedication preceding Meditations on First Philosophy. He writes that we must â€Å"believe in God’s existence because it is taught in the Holy Scriptures, and, conversely, that we must believe in the Holy Scriptures because they have come from God† (Descartes, 1). Nonetheless, in the actual Meditations Descartes casts doubt on everything, including religion in his search for absolute certainty. In the Third Meditation, however, Descartes provides his first rationalistic proof for the existence of God. In doing so, he first doubts the very existence of God, conceding that he does â€Å"not yet sufficiently know if there is even a God† (25). He then deliberates on this issue, pondering â€Å"whether there is a God† (25). However, even though he questions God’s very existence, Descartes maintains his innate idea of God. After some deliberation, h e concludes that because he has an innate idea of God, (which is not fabricated by the mind or drawn from the senses), it must be God who endowe... ... to exist, then a necessary being does exist. 6. It is possible for a being to have all perfections. 7. Therefore, a necessary being (God) does exist. (3) (3) On the contrary, David Hume did not believe an argument could establish the existence of God. In fact, Hume attacks both Descartes’ and Leibniz’s methodology for establishing the existence of God in the following: â€Å"there is an evident absurdity in pretending to demonstrate a matter of fact, or to prove it by any arguments a priori. Nothing is demonstrable, unless the contrary implies a contradiction. Nothing, that is distinctly conceivable, implies a contradiction. Whatever we conceive as existent, we can also conceive as non-existent. There is no being, therefore, whose non-existence implies a contradiction. Consequently there is no being, whose existence is demonstrable† (Bailey, 79).

Saturday, August 17, 2019

The Theme of Family in Books 6 and 24 in Homer’s Iliad.

Term Paper 1 CORC 1110 Classical Cultures The theme of family in books 6 and 24 in Homer’s Iliad. Family is very important in Books 6 and 24, but it is also one of the main themes throughout the Iliad. Book 1 begins with the vengeance taken by a father who has lost his daughter. The leaders of the Greeks are brothers, and Achilles’s revenge against Hektor is caused by the loss of the brotherly love of Patroklos. And even amongst the gods, the allegiances to the Greeks or the Trojans is decided along family lines.Artemis is on the side of the Trojans because her brother Apollo sides with them. This is why Homer’s Iliad is still popular and understandable among all of us. Every time people read it they realize the themes in the book are still relevant today. In all families brother will stand up for brother, and a father should always protect his wife and children. The families in the Iliad, mortal and immortal, have the same qualities. To outsiders they are fierce ly loyal to each other, but within the families lay the groundwork for each other’s destruction.The passion of Paris for Helen not only destroys his family but a whole city. Achilles leads Patroklos to his death through his stubbornness and pride. Because the lives of humans and gods in Greek mythology are so intertwined, the bickering of the immortal families often spelled certain destruction for their human subjects. In Book 6 Athene ignores the women’s prayers of Priam’s family because she was slighted at a family function, a wedding. A noteworthy similarity between Books 6 and 24 is the intense love Priam has for Hektor even though he is one of his fifty children.Priam states, â€Å"I wish all of you had been killed beside the running ships in in the place of Hektor. I have had the noblest of sons in Troy, but I say not one of them is left to me†¦ and all that are left me are disgraces, the liars and the dancers, champions of the chorus, the plunderers of their own people† (Book 24, lines 254 to 261). Priam’s affection for Hektor is a strong as the bond between Thetis and Achilles, presumably because he is the only child. Thetis protects her son all the time, and she is always near him day and night.At the same time a stark difference between Priam and Thetis is the way their children came into the world. Priam’s fifty children were the result of enjoying himself, and Achilles was the result of Thetis taking the risk of great heartbreak when as a goddess she could have had a painless life. She knew that Achilles was fated to die, but she did not stop him from going to war. She knew how important it was for her son to fight for his glory. The difference in the relationships between Hektor and Priam to Thetis and Achilles illustrates a marked divide of motherly and fatherly love.Another major difference between Book 6 and Book 24 is the family interactions of the gods. In Book 6, even though the gods are family, they disagreed about the war in Troy. And in Book 24 the family ties between the gods are shown. Apollo talks to the gods and asks them to give Hektor’s body back to his father. He says that Hektor has always been good to the gods but Achilles never had justice in his heart. He disrespects Hektor’s dead body by dragging it in front of his beloved companion’s every day. And the gods are willing to help Achilles, not Hektor.But Zeus is the one who will finally make the decision. He decides to give Hektor’s dead body back to Priam. And this is the right thing to do. So with the help of Achilles’s mother Thetis, Zeus sends him a message: â€Å"I myself am angered that in his heart’s madness he holds Hektor beside the curved ships and did not give him back† (Book 24, lines 114 to 116). The shift in the difference of the interactions of the gods is important. Firstly, it shows how changeable they were and how the fate of the human families was dependent on the family relationships between the gods.Another similarity in Books 6 and 24 is that Hektor’s disregard for his wife and his son is presented as heroism. Yet, from the family point of view it was abandonment of the two people who depended on him the most. From another point of view, if Hektor had saved Troy he would have saved his wife and son as well. But as Troy was fated to fall, they lost him for nothing. Hektor’s treatment of his wife is important because it is one of the main examples of how the human women are viewed in the Iliad.As Andromache states, â€Å"Dearest, your own great strength will be your death, and you have no pity on your little son, nor on me, ill-starred, who soon must be your widow†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Book 6, lines 406 to 408). They are only used by their fathers and disregarded by their husbands. The Iliad, like most great works, has family as one of the main themes at the heart of it. Every person’s life is affected by their family or the lack of it. Mortal or immortal one’s mother, father, sisters, brothers, or spouses make the most important part of one’s life.People’s lives do not play out on the grand scale that the lives of the characters in the Iliad do, but the basics of family loyalty and dysfunction do not change. People have to make choices in their lives. Some people are fated to live long and happy lives with people they love. But some people are fated to live very short but colorful lives, full of risks and adventures. That is why the Iliad does not loose its significance among people to this day. Even though centuries have passed after the Iliad was written, the theme of family is still important.

Friday, August 16, 2019

Freedom: Political Philosophy and Current Societal Setting Essay

In our current societal setting we, as citizens, are essentially free. Many people have differing opinions as to what this freedom should entail. Americans have always stood their ground in the fight for liberties and privileges, both civil and personal, which we feel are deserved. This is a continuing scenario as cultural progression opens new doors for a variety of people. Many have written in the past concerning this topic. These writings are transcendent through time and are still applicable today. One noteworthy author who discusses freedom being Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Rousseau’s writings focus on the defining of what freedom is, how to acquire it and how to maintain that freedom once it is achieved. Countless times these works have been used as reference to help people make a more solid decision as to their own definition of freedom. I will be using these works to discuss my own views concerning this subject and how society today is affected by these different scenarios. Freedom can be defined in different ways by different people depending on their personal experiences and beliefs. Most people will agree that our society offers a freedom which is acceptable for comfort in their daily lives. Yet there are others who will note the underlying causes of restriction within our given rules and regulations. Our laws are given with the intent of protection of our fellow citizens and maintenance of peace. Many of these laws can be defined as upholding morality such as those stating that murder or thievery are wrong. Others are more susceptible to circumstance such as traffic laws. The latter may be considered by many as an infringement of personal rights and an annoyance. We are subjected to these rules by others who hold positions of power and many may feel their opinions are neglected when these are put into place. Even though the majority of these laws can be agreed upon as being right, we must obey those we do not agree with as well or face the consequences. Commonly debated laws include the legalization of controlled substances and restrictions of medical practices, such as abortion. According to Rousseau, â€Å"Just as the shepherd is superior in kind to his sheep, so, too, the shepherds of men, or, in other words, their rulers, are superior in kind to the peoples. † (Rousseau 60) I believe this to mean that only a select few are given the opportunity to actually instate certain regulations, while the citizens may or may not agree with them. This would be a definite violation of the peoples’ collective rights. Often times, people will follow these rules anyways in order to avoid the persecution that may accompany fighting against them. Others choose to take the opposite approach and make a stand against whatever power may be enforcing these unjust laws, regardless of consequence. People have, in the past, been able to make great changes by putting in the work necessary to accomplish this. In turn, many doors have been opened for groups that would have otherwise been denied. Rousseau also states, â€Å"Obey the powers that be†¦ no case will ever be found of its violation. † (Rousseau 62) As most laws do provide a sort of security for the general public, I feel that some sacrifices or annoyances are bearable and necessary. Achieving an ideal state in society is a difficult task and as a member of this society it is my responsibility to think of the needs of others regardless of my own preferences. The rules that are in place are there for good reason and ensure that other, more necessary freedoms are not violated. Often times in our society, the luxuries given are taken for granted. Many other nations are subject to difficulties and atrocities which the majority of us simply cannot relate to. It can sometimes be difficult to look past what we have in the way of rights and privileges. Also, for us to be free it is not enough that no one stops me from doing something I want to do. I must also have the means to do that. Even if no law prevents me from doing something, should I be unable to act in the chosen way because I lack the necessary education or resources? Certain laws such as taxes and fees for government processes are devised in such a way as to eventually come full circle and direct the benefits back to us. Many don’t agree with these certain taxations despite what was previously mentioned. Our roads, parks and other public works are a perfect example of what these laws provide for us. Laws such as these are necessary for the upstart and maintenance of comfortable living in our communities. It needs to be understood that we, as a nation, have such a great opportunity that many other nations and people in this world can only imagine. We must be careful not to let our freedom slip away as a result of that freedom being taken for granted.

Thursday, August 15, 2019

From Bretton Woods to Global Finance

Eric Helleiner’s paper, â€Å"From Bretton Woods to Global Finance: A World Turned Upside Down,† discussed the major causes of the globalization of financial markets, were surprisingly attributed to the Bretton Woods system that opposed a liberal, international financial order. In addition, Helleiner also expounded how the states played an essential role in the globalization process despite the widely-believed fact that they were not major factors in the global development of financial markets.In general, the central issues discussed by the author were the actual processes of globalization and how com/the-causes-of-the-collapse-of-the-bretton-woods-system/">the Bretton Woods system brought about a global process that it never intended to create. His central argument was that the state played three major roles that caused the rise of global financial markets. In addition, he also argued that the Bretton Woods system unknowingly helped the creation of these markets due it s system of trade and finances. Before he outlined his arguments, he first discussed the process of the development of the Bretton Woods system.First was that capitals controls were established to protect the new macroeconomic planning mechanisms from speculative financial movements that could disrupt the equilibrium. Second, due the increase in expenditure, the state was not capable of allowing their citizens and corporations to move funds abroad to avoid being taxed. Third was that the local financial regulatory structures established during the 1930s and 1940s would collapse if the domestic borrowers and savers were given access to the markets of finance abroad.Lastly, the state had to be protected from â€Å"hot money† or illegal transactions and financial flows that were caused by political motives and moves towards legislation. Meaning to say, under the Bretton Woods system, access to international or foreign markets were limited during that time because it did not bene fit the state as much as it did the foreign markets. In addition, the system also believed that a liberal financial order was not compatible with system of exchange rates and liberal trading system that were considered as highly stable.Speculative or uncertain financial flows were one of the major causes of disturbances in foreign exchange rates. In trade, capital movements threatened to force painful and adverse adjustments on the current account which was less flexible and as a result would raise the demands for protectionist measures. In other words, financial liberalism was sacrificed in order to pave the way for a liberal trading order and stable exchange rate that were vital to the growth and development of a country.However, the Bretton Woods system was significantly changed after the globalization of financial markets. Helleiner noted that that the post possible causes of the emergence of global financial markets were market pressure and the significant advancements in techn ology. In terms of technology, the various advancements and creation of highly sophisticated devices made moving money around the world much easier and less costly. In terms of market however, Helleiner noted five causes.These included: the restoration of the market confidence and the assurance that international financial transactions were safe; the swift expansion in the demand for international services in the market which happened alongside the growth of multinational corporations; the OPEC states’ deposition of major surplus funds in international banking markets; the beginning of floating exchange rates which prompted markets to diversify their assets; and the last was that conservative local markets pressured the financial operators to the international stage in order to keep up with the rising competition in the domestic markets.Although Helleiner did not discount the roles that technology and market pressure played in the globalization process, he also argued that th e states also played key roles. These roles are: the states’ failure to implement effective controls, its liberalization activities, and the prevention of major financial crisis. He noted that during that time, when the U. S.rejected abolished the Bretton Woods system of capital controls and created a liberal financial order, European countries and Japan, failed to implement control measures that would counteract America’s new stance due to the major costs it entailed. As a result, most countries also adopted a more liberal financial order similar to the U. S. The states’ second role, which was the liberalization of the market, Helleiner argued, involved the enabling of domestic banks and corporations to operate offshore or internationally.This eventually disrupted the fixed and controlled exchange rates that were established by the Bretton Woods system. Lastly, Helleiner claimed that the states prevention of major financial crises, such as the United States res cue of the Franklin National Bank in 1974 and Mexican debt in1982, eventually paved the way for countries, which were regulated by the Bretton Woods system of capital controls, to embrace a more liberal financial system in order to avert a crisis.In short, Helleiner vividly illustrated how the Bretton Woods system contributed to its own undowing. In general, all of the author’s points were very true as Helleiner made use of actual historical events to substantiate his claims. While the Bretton Woods system of capital controls was effective during that time, it only had temporary effects. Today, the market is too diverse and too flexible to be controlled by a single regulating system.Moreover, I also believe the fact that the states, due to their dependency on international financial flows during that time, unknowingly played crucial roles in the globalization of financial markets, which eventually resulted in a free market that is being enjoyed by most parts of the world toda y. In addition, I also believe that international trade and globalization are essential factors in the growth and development of any country because it involves penetrating markets all over the world.In short, the Bretton Woods system can be considered truly obsolete and should never be implemented again especially today as the global market is highly volatile and is subject to various changes. The placement of capital controls under the Bretton Woods system also means limiting the capabilities of the market, which would prove to be disadvantageous in the future. References Helleiner, E. (2007). From Bretton Woods to Global Finance: A World Turned

Wednesday, August 14, 2019

Week final assignment

For each article, address the following: a. Create a bibliographic citation in PAP format for each article b. Summarize the article, addressing the following questions: I. Who? I. What was done? Iii. How was it done? Iv. What were the findings? V. What contributions has this research made? C. Describe in a meaningful way, how the article contributed to your knowledge and understanding about your selected research topic. D. Critique the article: I. Is this article well-written and well-researched? Ii. Did it/does it lead to new ideas and findings in the selected researched area? E.Synthesize your understanding of the article with what you have learned throughout the course to describe the new learning that took place as a result of reading and thinking critically about the article. A. ADD. (1997, Par 06). Dayton Daily News. Retrieved from http://search. Prostitutes/ This article was published in the Dayton Daily News. The main focus of this article was the simple definition of what At tention deficit hyperactivity disorder is. It explained that it individuals with this disorder are unable to pay attention and are very impulsive. It states that children with this disorder often do not do well in school.No matter what their intelligence level is, they still will not do well in school. The article listed many symptoms that include having short attention spans, forgetful, do not meme to listen well, do not pay attention to details and individuals also fail to finish things they Start. This article listed many symptoms that I were not aware were part of it. At the same time many of the symptoms seem to describe many children in preschool and kindergarten age. Which it surprised me that the article stated that children need to be diagnosed before the age of 7.But I was glad to see that some of the symptoms have to create a real hardship in the lives before the individual can be diagnosed. This article was helpful in the sense that it was very simple and straight to the point. It loud be good to have as a reference in order to maybe talk to parents if problems become apparent with a child. B. Sorrows, K. F. (2009). ADD: urban teachers' knowledge, beliefs and classroom practice. (Order No. 3361083, University of Massachusetts Boston). Prosiest Dissertations and Theses, , 234-n/a. Retrieved from http://search. Prosiest. Mom/ deceive/305140059? Cacao anti=32521. (305140059). This article was written by Karen Sorrows in 2009. This article talked about the importance of teacher intervention with students that have ADD. These students were from the urban area where medical intervention is less likely to append. The article also discusses how a teacher may juggle the needs of students with ADD and the others students who do not have the disorder. It talks about the interrelationships between urban elementary school teachers use and effectiveness of research based interventions for ADD.The study showed teachers' knowledge of ADD and the support they recei ve from the school districts. This was a very useful article in the way that it showed that there are support groups and other teachers deal with students with ADD. It allows a community for a teacher to go to and get any idea and or help if they deed it. It helps put in perspective that there are many families and children that are affected by this disorder that are unable to seek medical help and it is up to the teacher to try to make the best of the situation for the children sake. C. Dovish, S, van, d. O.. Wires, R.W. , print, P. J. , & M. (2013). What part of working memory is not working in ADD? Short-term memory, the central executive and effects of reinforcement. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 41 901-17. Did:http://DXL. Did. Rover. MM 0802-013-9729-9 This article was written by several authors that included Dovish, Van, Wires, ND Primps. This article talks about the defects in the working memory that are common with ADD. In children that have ADD their working memory is what is affected the most. Both cognitive and motivational deficits are aberrant working memory performance.This is a good article in the sense that it helps individuals understand the inside working of the mind of a child who has ADD. It helps show the memory that it affects and controls. From the visual to the short term memory, there is more to ADD then we know. I found this article very interesting and it is very informative on the details of he workings of the brain of an individual with ADD. 5. Summarize the overall findings of your research including the summary, description, critique, and synthesis completed for each individual article. A.In the article that I read I found that there are fewer children that are affected with ADD than prior thought. It is said that only 5% of children are affected with ADD. It also gave me some insight on what some of the symptoms are. Even though some seem very extreme, the symptoms are very treatable. Most children with ADD are able to b ecome functioning parts of society once they become adults. It is said that all children no matter what their intelligence level maybe still have problems academically in one way or another. I also learned that many parents blame the school systems for their child's ADD problems.They blame the teachers for not being able to â€Å"teach† properly or looking for a way out of teaching their children. ADD is a genetic disorder that runs throughout the family. 6. Describe two applications this research and your deepened understanding of this educational psychology topic have to the following: a. Academic goals I. My research has really opened my eyes on how children with ADD feel and hat they may go through. It is a very sad and yet very challenging. Plan to try to keep up on all the information that I can in order to make sure that each student gets the best education possible.I know that some children with ADD can be difficult in the classroom and with other students, but it is my job as an educator to stay current with all that is happening and any new teaching techniques. Taking extra classes and helping parents as much as I can is always an option. I will also learn to distinguish the difference between a child acting out and a child who may have ADD b. Personal goals I. I know that what have researched will help in my future teaching career. I plan on teaching middle school history and children at that age can be very trying at times.I can only hope that the proper steps were taken in prior years through possible academic assessments and other symptoms to get children the medical help that they need in order to do well through the middle school years. Can only hope that if by chance I do encounter a child with ADD I have learned the proper tools in order to give the child the best education I can. C. Current role I. In my current role as a mother, wife and a full time employee I can see that I eave seen many individuals with many (but not all and not c onsecutively) symptoms of ADD and to be honest it can be very frustrating at times.

Facebook- A curator or an enemy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Facebook- A curator or an enemy - Essay Example The article here is trying to address how Facebook is blocking the works of artists who are projecting it through this social networking website. Nevertheless, Facebook is trying to defend its actions by calling it a ‘mistake’. Many artists from all around the world have experienced the same. They have had their pictures and, in some cases, even their accounts blocked. This article is pointing out a recent victim, The New York University of Art, which lost its rights for uploading any images of their artwork, the reason being the violation of rules and regulations of Facebook. The works included nude images, which is against Facebook policy. The University's authority classed this, an unfair action against art; nevertheless, they raised their voice through a blog, complaining about Facebook's rules and regulations. Thesis Statement Blocking the projects of the artists on the medium where individual individuals have complete freedom to express themselves. Isn’t tha t ironic? Rhetorical Aspects of the article being analyzed Purpose, Genre and Style This article was published in The New York Times. The issue being addressed is the problem faced by an institution of art as their work is being deleted and accounts blocked by Facebook as it contains nudity. However, later, the site officials claimed that it was a mistake on their part and they had no intention, whatsoever, of hurting anyone's feelings. Moreover, they encouraged people who had lost their work to post it again. Drawing nude live models is considered the most effective way to develop the basic draftsmanship skill of an artist. Hence, it is considered to be the most important part of an artist’s work. Using Facebook as a medium, artists share their work with art lovers all around the globe. Nevertheless, Facebook blocking their work became a deterrent for these artists. Artists are more emphasizing towards the blocking of the nude content and have been concerned with the fact th at the Facebook officials must have seen that the nude pictures were actual works of art, yet, they decided to block it. The genre is complaining about the careless behavior of world’s largest social network platforms. Angle of Vision The author of this passage seems to blame Facebook for these actions but, in my opinion, if Facebook has some certain terms and conditions then they are free to apply it on all forms of work. Facebook does not allow photos which attack a person or group or images which depict drug use or contain violence or nudity. If Facebook requires it's users to follow certain rules and regulations, then we are all required to follow them as responsible individuals. If they say that a photo should not ‘contain’ nudity, then nudity in any form should be banned. Some people are of the view that Facebook is assailing artists, this, however, is a misinterpretation as according to Facebook's representative, their investigators only check those images that are flagged/reported and then according to the nature of the report (how many people find that abusing) they remove the content. Therefore, if other users are uncomfortable with that image then there is no way that that content should be kept on the site. For an institution like the New York University of Art, there are other ways of sharing their artwork with people interested in art like their own website or blogs. Secondly, seeing these types of drawings in galleries is one thing and seeing them on Facebook is another. Not everyone visits galleries, neither do they have a rule against nudity but on Facebook they do have rules. Many people, who are interested in art but are against nude forms of art, visit these pages much often. Evidence from the article The academy was at loss as their account was blocked and they

Tuesday, August 13, 2019

See assignment criteria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

See assignment criteria - Essay Example Lando Calrissian, of Alderaan Security Solutions Ltd., claims that companies must implement the latest and most advanced technologies to protect client data and that the European Union’s Electronic Signature Directive not only puts electronic signatures on equal footing with physical ones, but also assigns responsibility for the technology underpinning electronic signatures. I believe Lando Calrissian is wrong in his assessment that companies must implement the latest and most advanced technologies to protect client data, but I do agree that the Electronic Signature Directive puts electronic signatures on equal footing with physical ones and that it also assigns responsibility for the technologies that electronic signatures employ. The statement made by Lando Calrissian regarding the requirement for companies to deploy the latest and most advanced technologies to protect confidential client data is misguided. Indeed, his argument is based entirely on the premise that not only is technology infallible, but that all security breaches can be avoided. Between power and network outages, maintenance downtime and natural events, it is utterly impossible to maintain or guarantee perpetual 100% integrity of an online data warehouse due to its reliance on a distributed physical infrastructure. Moreover, with new virtual security threats emerging on a daily basis, the depreciating cost of processing power and the pervasiveness of high-speed networks, unlawfully gaining access to a secured remote computer system is only a question of skill, time and opportunity. Since The Protection of Individuals with Regard to the Processing of Personal Data and on the Free Movement of Such Data 1995 art 17 establishes that only the deployment of appropriate security instruments sufficient to maintain an adequate level of security are required, it is clear that legislation only expects companies to accomplish their due diligence in attempting to maintain the integrity of their cli ents’ confidential data. Therefore, it would probably be most responsible of companies to i) delegate their IT security to consulting firms and to ii) insure themselves against the risk of data security breaches, rather than engage in the technological rat race of unremitting software transition and constant security infrastructure turnover. I do agree with Lando Calrissian’s statement that the Electronic Signature Directive puts electronic signatures on equal footing with physical signatures. Indeed, a physical signature not only signifies consent of the signatory to the subject matter, it also provides a crude form of verifiability of the signatory’s identity. This time-honored practice is vulnerable to forgery with minimal skill and to usurpation of identity and misrepresentation of intent, since the legitimate signature of the signatory is not always readily known to the other contracting party. On the other hand, electronic signatures using paired public an d private keys as implied by the Community Framework for Electronic Signatures 1999 art 2 deliver a more robust and reliable voucher of the signatory’s identity. In fact, electronic signatures of this type require far more advanced skills to forge than physical signatures do, skills not readily accessible to most individuals. Furthermore, given the high-speed data cross-referencing infrastructure already deployed whereby the identity of a signatory can be rapidly validated with distant third

Monday, August 12, 2019

Challenges facing the succession of family owned businesses in Saudi Dissertation

Challenges facing the succession of family owned businesses in Saudi Arabia - Dissertation Example Family based businesses in Saudi Arabia face major challenges in the form of operating in a difficult global economy as well as managing the overall transition phase of the business to a new generation of family control. In order to survive and grow and make a place among those elite family based businesses that have been able to achieve long lasting global success the companies has to domesticated the restless entrepreneur conditions and design long term strategies to manage the business. Structured steps can help the companies’ o gain log lasting success. This has to start with the steep revolution of the existing business portfolios. The process may actually include divestment, product differentiation to develop a long term growth strategy along with the structuring the internal operations of the firms. Here, it is to be mentioned that all these can be achieved by retaining the emotional attachments to the businesses. The same kind of dedication and discipline is needed to clip the portfolio of the businesses has to be applied to analyze new investment policies. This may call for a situation where family members have to invest in activities that are quite different from that of the activities of the firm. Developing a formal corporate governance mechanism to monitor business activities is likely to be another crucial step that the families may have to take to achieve long term success. This may even involve the recruitment of outside talent and initiating org anizational change. The present study looks to analyze all these factors. This study will help to observe the aspects of family own business in Saudi Arabia and certain succession aspects within family business. In order to achieve the objective of the research, physiological attitudes, theories of culture, and several legal and socio-cultural aspects have been studied. The integration of these aspects will influence the results and outcomes. The phrase family business is familiar both within Western and Eastern countries. According to Chua and Chrisman family business is acknowledged as a business managed to shape and follows a vision held by a leading alliance controlled by a member of a family. One objective of family business is to control and manage the business in order to sustain for the future generation. However, all members in a family are in the same

Sunday, August 11, 2019

Cornairs Strategies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Cornairs Strategies - Assignment Example As the case study states, â€Å"Comair has been an award-winning leader in the regional carrier industry. The FAA and various trade magazines have recognised Comair many times for its profitability, management, time-keeping, cancellation and lost luggage statistics.† Cornair unfortunately has several weaknesses to consider. These include the strikes present and unhappy workers, repercussions of 9/11 for flight companies, and their own inability to create an effective information system. This study declares that Economic Factors: Due to the strike, 9/11, and its own failings in its information systems, Cornair is currently experiencing an overall loss of money and production. This can be reversed by focusing on new information systems strategies, as well as making sure employees are happy. Currently, there are differing views of smart technology that needs to be considered by Cornair. As a starting point, it should be noted that smart technology is also known as data or information fusion, which is fanning out to applications as diverse as systems that predict earthquakes or traffic jams and robots that display hand–eye coordination. Some researchers see information fusion one day surpassing artificial intelligence and fuzzy logic in the breadth of real-world problems it can address. But others caution that the technology, which had its origins in military targeting systems, is still new and evolving over time. Essentially, in the military, the focus is on the monitoring of environmental parameters and making decisions based on predetermined scenarios that support an optimum solution. Just as the human brain assimilates input from all five senses, say a tangy strawberry, information fusion unifies multiple data streams in computers. For example, automatic targe t recognition—the seminal application—melds input from several sources into perceptions of â€Å"friend† or â€Å"foe.†

Saturday, August 10, 2019

Patient Guide to WWW Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Patient Guide to WWW - Coursework Example 1. Content update  Researchers regularly share their knowledge derived from clinical trials with the community of medical experts. Hence,  patient or caretaker should consider only those  websites  where content and information is reviewed and updated on a regular basis. (Fogg, 2004). 2. Examine the source  The website’s content shouldn’t contain anecdotes and testimonials of the patients as primary health information (Szwarc, 2008) Caretaker or the patient must understand the significance of last three letters â€Å"URL† in the website. For example, websites ending with .edu or .gov are ‘educational’ and ‘government’ sites respectively with more reliable health information as compared to the one with .com (commercial) that may sometimes try to advertise and sell products assuring miraculous cure of which doctors are also unaware. 3. Verify  the information  Usually if some data is true and accurate, it will be published in more than one website. The internet user must check to see whether the facts provided by one source are published by any other website for the same diseases. The content of the website must also contain author’s basic contact information such as the name. Credible website.  For example the site  www.hhs.gov  is a government site containing matter from US Department of Health and Services. The hypertension related information such as causes, nutrition etc. conveyed by this site are accurate and trustworthy in following aspects. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The  Ã‚  amount of salt intake has direct effect on patient’s blood pressure (Gardener, 2011). The website mentioned instructs patient not to  Ã‚  have  Ã‚  more than 5-6 grams of salt per day.Same fact is also provided by the website  www.ext.colostate.edu, which is an education site  (Anderson, Young, Long and Prior, 2011) . Suspect website.   The website  www.curezone.com  Ã‚  or the link http://kiueyxyeor.collecyrie.com  may be

Friday, August 9, 2019

Check the attachment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Check the attachment - Assignment Example The aim of this paper is to analyze colour combination or application techniques based on three images (Foo Fighters Wasting Light Album cover, SMH Fletcher Jones advertisement and Interior). Considering the given images, several techniques of colour combination or scheme are evident. The first picture (Foo Fighters) indicates an extensive use of analogous-complementary colour scheme. This combination technique combines colours that are primarily comparable in hue by adding a small fraction of contrasting colour (Feisner, 2000). In the said image â€Å"Foo Fighters†, colours that are primarily comparable in hue are red-purple-green. These complementary colours contrast and due to their full saturation on the image, they create a vibrant look (Nita, 2008). According to Livingstone (2002), this design can be enhanced by initiating a warm brogue color flanking a cool corresponding colour. Alternatively, a cool accent color can be merged with a warm colour. This analogy is evident in the image where the accent colours harmonize the designs (Ryan and Conover, 2004). The second image (SMH Fletcher Jones advertisement) is an example of a monochromatic colour combination technique. This technique is characterized by one single color or varying intensities of a particular color such as taupe and light taupe (Albers, 1963). Compared with other colour combination techniques, the effect of this technique on the given image is extremely quieting. This effect is apparent because of the dark background featured on the image. Despite this evaluation, this technique is considered by many as the easiest (Delamare and Guineau, 2000). However, for advertising purposes this technique is not recommended because it hardly catches the attention of people. It can find meaningful application in movie theatres. The third picture (Interior) is characterized by use of hue-similarity combination technique. In this image, the

Thursday, August 8, 2019

An analysis of the LensCrafter s Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

An analysis of the LensCrafter s - Term Paper Example This paper will specifically discuss LensCrafters’ operations management, value chain, and service-delivery system design. Calloway (2009), while analysing the operations strategy of LensCrafters finds that the organisation pays particular attention to improving customer loyalty through delivering legendary customer service (p.35). As market analysts point out, the firm strives to deliver superior overall value for meeting individual needs of each customer. The on-site production of perfect quality eyewear appears to be the major highlight of the firm’s customer service. This facility is really assistable for customers to save considerable amount of their time and hence to enjoy a convenient shopping experience. Undoubtedly, this innovative customer practice would assist the organisation to effectively confront with the stiff market competition in the modern optical market. In other words, improved shopping experience and enhanced customer loyalty can aid the organisati on to gain a competitive advantage in terms of sustainability. It is also identified that LensCrafters emphasises developing associates and leaders in the global marketplace with intent to strengthen its market position and to address competition pressures successfully. In addition, this operational strategy is also beneficial for the company to cut down its operating costs and to improve its profitability. The organization employs a differentiation strategy to promote brand recognition and remain to be unique in the optical market. Consumer behaviour studies and other market research analyses indicate that the firm’s differentiation strategy has assisted it to make its products familiar to customers and thereby influence their purchase decisions. Market studies also reveal that the organization’s distinct business strategy is really appealable to customer groups who consider time as the paramount factor. In addition, the company has developed a well shaped diversifica tion strategy in order to make a wide variety of eye care products and services available in once place. Despite relatively huge initial investments, the idea of maintaining production laboratories in stores has greatly benefited the company to ensure perfect product/service quality and hence to focus on individual specifications of each customer. LensCrafters has developed a pay later program in order to make its services affordable to all. In addition, currently LensCrafters offers one of the improved extended protection plans in the market. Finally, the company performs outstandingly in terms of customer relationship management and it benefits the firm to retain existing customer and to attract new potential customer groups. The LensCrafters’ operations management activities notably enhance the customer experience. The firm has integrated its manufacturing process into the service facility so as to rapidly respond to customer needs. In the optical industry, it is unusual f or customers to get their eyeglasses delivered ‘in about an hour’ and therefore this facility extremely adds value to customer shopping experience. It is to be also noted that the company has a technologically advanced lab facility to ensure that the eyewear products delivered are of superior quality. The organisation has a well developed and integrated service delivery system and has a very attractive physical layout. When a customer

The relationship between female leisure participation and Research Paper

The relationship between female leisure participation and psychological well being - Research Paper Example 126) Leisure activities can be divided into two main categories: solo and group activities. Both categories serve unique purposes and each has its characteristic benefits. Solo activities are based on an individual’s personal interests; it can also be defined as a hobby like: gardening, reading, writing, watching television/cinema, going for a walk or skating or swimming - such individual-based leisure activities help women de-stress and unwind from their day to day activities. Women have to go through a lot of biological and social changes throughout their lives. As they enter puberty, life suddenly starts moving in all directions. As they struggle through their education, careers, relationships, parenting, and family life - they find it highly difficult to find out time for leisure activities. As a result, they start developing various physical or psychological disorders, which are manifested in their performance at work or at home. Psychological well being is important beca use it helps a person to balance work and relationships properly. An overburdened female with tremendous responsibilities is not able to feel contentment or being rewarded for whatever she does for herself or for her family. She cannot derive pleasure or satisfaction from the work she does at home or office. It is for this reason that participation in leisure activities should be encouraged to boost the psychological well being of women. Solo leisure activities are a great way to relax and to get entertained. It satisfies the inner yearning of doing something for self. As one chooses leisure activities according to one’s free will, therefore, a person feels a sense of freedom while participating in leisure activities. There are no deadlines to fear about; nor does one have to worry about following rules and regulations. Spa, travelling, hiking, and joining leisure clubs are great ways to improve psychological well being. Likewise, joining gym, music and dance classes, or yoga can boost their self confidence as their body image improves. Low levels of self confidence hinder personal development in a lot of ways. However, leisure activities carried out in groups have far greater effects on the psychological well being of a woman because she can derive pleasure by socializing with people belonging to a cross-section of society. It could mean meeting with new and interesting people and sharing innovative ideas. It could be for a social cause; thus magnifying the benefits of such activities. It has been found out that social networking or socializing has positive effects on the psyche and mind of a person. As women get older, they find themselves lonely or isolated for various reasons: being single, or widowed, or retired, or living independently. Isolation from the society is detrimental to the physical and emotional health of a person; therefore, it is beneficial for such women to participate in leisure activities- particularly, group activities, so that t hey can give something back to society or Mother Nature. Working for a social cause is highly rewarding because it gives a